| 景凯婷，杜素洁，叶福宇，万伟杰，赵 鑫，郭建洋，刘万学,2024,辽宁省潜叶蝇（双翅目：潜蝇科）及其寄生蜂的种类与多度调查[J].环境昆虫学报,(6):1410-1419 |
| 辽宁省潜叶蝇（双翅目：潜蝇科）及其寄生蜂的种类与多度调查 |
| A survey on the species and abundance of the agromyzid leafminers and their parasitoids in Liaoning Province, China |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 潜叶蝇 寄生蜂 寄主植物 入侵种 本地种 |
| 英文关键词:Agromyzidae parasitoids host plants invasive species native species |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金面上项目（31972344，31772236）；国家重点研发计划项目（2021YFC2600400） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 辽宁省是东北地区重要的“菜篮子”生产基地。蔬菜易受到潜叶蝇的为害，导致蔬菜产业的健康发展受到威胁。为了更好防控蔬菜上的潜叶蝇，本研究对辽宁省潜叶蝇和寄生蜂进行本底资源调查。以辽宁省潜叶蝇及其天敌寄生蜂的种类和多样性为切入点进行田间调查，采用随机取样法，于2016-2020年调查辽宁省蔬菜、花卉以及杂草上潜叶蝇及其寄生蜂的种类和多样性，并基于形态特征与COI基因序列对潜叶蝇和寄生蜂的种类进行鉴定。结果显示，辽宁省共鉴定出5种潜叶蝇，包括本地种豌豆彩潜蝇Phytomyza horticola和葱斑潜蝇Liriomyza chinensis，入侵种美洲斑潜蝇L. sativae、三叶草斑潜蝇L. trifolii和番茄斑潜蝇L. bryoniae；其中发生最为优势的种类为豌豆彩潜蝇，其嗜好十字花科和菊科植物；寄主谱最广的是美洲斑潜蝇，发现危害7科17种植物。共发现潜叶蝇的寄生蜂41种，从发生数量来看，以姬小蜂科最多（7 816头，占比78.84%），其次是金小蜂科（1 533头，占比15.46%）、茧蜂科（549头，占比5.54%）和瘿蜂科（16头，占比0.16%）；姬小蜂科的多样性指数和丰富度指数均最高，瘿蜂科均匀度指数最高；豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂Diglyphus isaea（4 385头）是优势种，占寄生蜂总数的44.23%。本研究填补了辽宁省潜叶蝇及其天敌寄生蜂的种类及多度调查的空白，为该省份潜叶蝇的防治和天敌寄生蜂的深入研究奠定了理论基础，同时建议加强对辽宁省的豌豆彩潜蝇和美洲斑潜蝇的防治，发挥当地优势寄生蜂如豌豆潜蝇姬小蜂对潜叶蝇的生物防控作用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the species and abundance of agromyzid leafminers and their parasitoids, random sampling method was used to investigate the abundance of agromyzid leafminers and parasitoids on vegetables, flowers and weeds in Liaoning Province of China from 2016 to 2020. The agromyzid leafminers and their parasitoids were identified by morphological characters and COI gene sequences. Five species of the agromyzid leafminers were collected, including native species Phytomyza horticola and Liriomyza chinensis, and invasive species L. sativae、L. trifolii and L. bryoniae. The most dominant species was P. horticola, which preferred to plants of Cruciferae and Asteraceae plants. The species L. sativae exhibited broadest host spectrum, which could damage 17 species of plants in 7 families. A total of the 41 species of the parasitoids on agromyzid leafminers were collected. The family Eulophidae (7 816 individuals, 78.84%) was the most dominant parasitoids, followed by Pteromalidae (1 533 individuals, 15.46%), Braconidae (549 individuals, 5.54%), and Cynipidae (16 individuals, 0.16%). The highest diversity index and abundance index were found of the Eulophidae, and the highest evenness index of the Cynipidae. Besides, the most numerous species was Diglyphus isaea (4 385 individuals), accounting for 44.23% of the total number of occurrences. Based on the above study, it is suggested to strengthen to prevent and control P. horticola and L. sativae, and exert the green control effect of local dominant parasitoids such as D. isaea on agromyzid leafminers in Liaoning Province of China. |
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