《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
于艳平，肖山，杨义，方琦，汪芳，叶恭银	浙江大学农业与生物技术学院，水稻育种全国重点实验室，杭州 310058

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中文摘要:

几丁质酶是降解几丁质的糖苷水解酶，参与昆虫蜕皮、器官发育、免疫等重要生理过程。目前，寄生蜂等膜翅目昆虫中几丁质酶的鉴定以及功能研究仍较少。本研究基于生物信息学分析，在丽蝇蛹集金小蜂Nasonia vitripennis基因组中鉴定到14个几丁质酶基因，氨基酸个数介于312~2 682之间。系统进化分析表明丽蝇蛹集金小蜂几丁质酶分为9个亚家族，其中Group Ⅳ、Ⅶ亚家族可能通过基因串联复制而发生基因家族扩增。qRT-PCR分析结果表明几丁质酶基因的表达具有多样性，其中NvCht1、NvCht5、NvCht6、NvCht7 4个基因在1.5 d幼虫表达量最高，NvCht3在5 d幼虫表达量最高，NvCht8在幼虫期高表达。此外，幼虫组织中的表达分析结果表明NvCht4、NvCht5、NvCht10、NvCht12在表皮中高表达，NvCht7、NvCht8、NvCht13在肠道中高表达，NvCht9在脂肪体和表皮中高表达，NvCht11在唾液腺中高表达。本研究为寄生蜂几丁质酶的进化分析以及功能研究提供理论基础。

英文摘要:

Chitinase is a glycoside hydrolase that degrades chitin and participates in many important physiological processes in insects such as molting, organ development and immunity. At present, gene annotations and functions of chitinases in hymenopteran insects are still poorly known. In this study, 14 chitinase genes were identified in the genome of the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis based on bioinformatics analysis, with the amino acid number between 312~2 682. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the chitinases were divided into 9 subfamilies, among which Group Ⅳ and Ⅶ subfamilies have been expanded in N. vitripennis, likely through gene tandem duplication. The results of qRT-PCR analysis revealed diverse expression patterns of chitinase genes, among which NvCht1, NvCht5, NvCht6 and NvCht7 had a peak at 1.5 d larvae, NvCht3 peaked at 5 d larvae, and NvCht8 at all larval stages. In addition, the qPCR analysis results in larval tissues showed that higher mRNA levels of NvCht4, NvCht5, NvCht10 and NvCht12 in the cuticle, NvCht7, NvCht8 and NvCht13 in the gut, NvCht9 in fat body and cuticle, and NvCht11 in the salivary gland. This study provides theoretical bases for the evolutionary analysis and functional study of chitinases in parasitoid wasps.

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