| 苏湘宁，林晓珠，余小强，李传瑛，郑晓佳，焦家欣，申建梅，陈亚青，彭玉玲，章玉苹，胡黎明,2024,草地贪夜蛾与甜菜夜蛾种内和种间的竞争行为[J].环境昆虫学报,(1):243-252 |
| 草地贪夜蛾与甜菜夜蛾种内和种间的竞争行为 |
| Intraspecific and interspecific of the competition between Spodoptera frugiperda and Spodoptera exigua indoors |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 草地贪夜蛾 甜菜夜蛾 种内竞争 种间竞争 |
| 英文关键词:Spodoptera frugiperda Spodoptera exigua intraspecific competition interspecific competition |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金区域创新发展联合基金重点项目（U22A20488）；广州市科技计划项目（2023B03J1268）；广东省农业科学院科技创新战略专项（R2019YJ-YB2003）；广东省普通高校重点领域专项（2021ZDZX4020）；广州市科技计划项目（202102080384） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith)和甜菜夜蛾Spodoptera exigua (Hübner)是我国重要的农作物害虫，存在很多共同的寄主植物。为明确草地贪夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾的竞争关系，本文在食物充足和食物缺乏条件下，研究了草地贪夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾种内和种间竞争行为；研究了不同初始种群密度草地贪夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾初孵幼虫在相同生态位的种群竞争行为。结果表明：无食物条件下，扭动行为是草地贪夜蛾种内竞争最主要的行为表现，其中3龄与5龄幼虫组合扭动行为出现次数最多，为8.57±0.49次/30 min。与无食物处理相比，有食物处理下草地贪夜蛾攻防行为次数较少。种间竞争中，在无食物条件下二者攻击行为主要表现为头部接触，防御主要表现为扭动行为，其中草地贪夜蛾4龄幼虫与甜菜夜蛾5龄幼虫〖JP2〗竞争时头部接触和扭动行为最频繁，分别出现5.03±2.43次/〖JP〗30 min和18.47±5.92次/30 min。此外，同一龄期的草地贪夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾种间竞争中，草地贪夜蛾存活率更高；不同龄期两者竞争时，龄期相对较高的幼虫存活率更高，且有食物时两者存活率均高于无食物处理。种群竞争的室内模拟研究中，草地贪夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾种群的存活率随共存时间的增加逐渐降低。重复测量方差分析表明，5头草地贪夜蛾幼虫与40头甜菜夜蛾幼虫接入玉米苗后，共存时间没有显著影响草地贪夜蛾幼虫的存活率，但甜菜夜蛾幼虫的存活率受共存时间影响显著；其他组合中共存时间均显著影响草地贪夜蛾与甜菜夜蛾幼虫的存活率，其中，40头草地贪夜蛾幼虫与40头甜菜夜蛾幼虫接入玉米苗后，两者存活率均存在显著差异，草地贪夜蛾的存活率显著高于甜菜夜蛾，草地贪夜蛾种群可能取代甜菜夜蛾种群。研究结果可为明确草地贪夜蛾和甜菜夜蛾的种群演替规律及制定科学的防治措施提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Spodoptera frugiperda and Spodoptera exigua are major pests of crops in our country, and they share many common host plants. In order to understand the competitive relation between S.frugiperda and S. exigua, the intraspecific and interspecific larval interaction between these two pests were observed under food plentitude as well as food deficiency condition. The competitive behaviors of larvae of S. frugiperda and S. exigua with different initial newly hatched larvae population densities when they appeared simultaneously in the same ecological niche were studied. The results showed that wriggle was the predominant intraspecific competitive behavior in S. frugiperda in all the interactive scenarios, with the highest mean wriggle frequency of 8.57±0.49 times per 30 min recorded in the scenarios of 3rd vs. 5th instar of this species without food condition. The number of aggression and defense behaviors of S. frugiperda with food treatment was lower than that without food treatment. In the interactive scenario between S. frugiperda and S. exigua, head touching and wriggle were the most frequent behavior in both pests without food treatment. The highest frequency of head touching of 5.03±2.43 times per 30 min and wriggle of 18.47±5.92 times per 30 min, were recorded when the 4th instar larvae S. frugiperda competed with the 5th instar larvae S. exigua. In addition, S. frugiperda had a higher survival rate in the interactive scenario of the same instar of S. frugiperda and S. exigua, and the older one had higher survival rate in the interactive scenario of different instar of these two pests. The survival rate of both species was higher with food than without food. In the indoor simulation of population competition, the survival rate of S. frugiperda and S. exigua populations decreased with the increase of coexisting time. Repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that the survival rate of 5 newly hatched larvae of S. frugiperda+40 newly hatched larvae of S. exigua was not significantly affected by the coexistence time, also the survival rate of them was no significant difference. Repeated measurement analysis of variance showed that the coexistence time of 5 newly hatched larvae of S. frugiperda+40 newly hatched larvae of S. exigua had no significant effect on the survival rate of S. frugiperda, but the survival rate of S. exigua larvae was significantly affected by the coexistence time. In other combinations, the coexistence time significantly affected the survival rate of S. frugiperda and S. exigua larvae. Among them, the survival rate of 40 newly hatched larvae of S. frugiperda+40 newly hatched larvae of S. exigua was significantly different. The survival rate of S. frugiperda was significantly higher than that of S. exigua, resulting in possible replacement of S. exigua with S. frugiperda. This study helps clarify the population competition and replacement between these two pests and formulate scientific control strategies. |
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