| 刘 迪，戴 晋，侯艳红，陈 莉，王文豪，范志业，陈 琦， 师兴凯，郭 鸣，李世民，黄建荣,2021,2010-2019 年河南漯河灯下农作物害虫群落结构分析[J].环境昆虫学报,(4):879-890 |
| 2010-2019 年河南漯河灯下农作物害虫群落结构分析 |
| Community structure of agricultural pests under the lamp in Luohe City of Henan Province from 2010 to 2019 |
| |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 农作物害虫 优势种 群落结构 多样性 种群动态 |
| 英文关键词:Agricultural insect pests dominant species community structure diversity population dynamics |
| 基金项目:河南省现代农业产业技术体系专项 (Z2010-01-09) ; 公益性行业 ( 农业) 科研专项 (201403031) ; 河南省农业科学院优秀青年基金 (2020YQ09) ; 河南省农业科学院基础性科研工作 (JC014) |
|
| 摘要点击次数: 567 |
| 全文下载次数: 683 |
| 中文摘要: |
| 为探明河南省漯河市灯下农作物害虫的群落结构特点，对 2010 － 2019 年设在漯河市郊区农田的虫情测报灯诱集到的农作物害虫进行群落结构分析。结果表明，这 10 年共诱集主要农作物害虫 546 017 头，分属 14 科、 68 种，以鳞翅目 Lepidoptera 为主 ( 占总诱虫量 61.42% ) ，其次为鞘翅目 Coleoptera ( 32.19% ) 、直翅目 Orthoptera ( 5.87% ) 和 半 翅 目 Hemiptera ( 0.52% ) ; 14 个科中以夜蛾科 Noctuidae ( 43.44% ) 、金 龟 甲 科 Scarabaeidae ( 31.76% ) 和螟蛾科 Pyralidae ( 13.44% ) 为优势科; 68 种害虫中以暗黑鳃金龟 Holotrichia parallela ( 优势度指数为 0.2678) 、甜菜夜蛾 Spodoptera exigua ( 0.1077) 为 优 势 种，以二点委夜蛾 Athetis lepigone ( 0.0927 ) 、黏虫 Mythimna separata ( 0.0792) 、棉铃虫 Helicoverpa armigera ( 0.0693) 、亚洲玉米螟 Ostrinia furnacalis ( 0.0631) 为丰 盛种。近 10 年调查到的害虫物种数量略有上升，但总个体数量年度间差异较大; 近 10 年来部分主要害虫的发生量发生了明显变化，如二点委夜蛾逐渐由优势种减少为常见种，棉铃虫优势度逐年波动上升，小地老虎 Agrotis ypsilon Rottemberg、甜菜叶螟 Hymenia recurvalis Fabricius 优势度逐年波动下降; 不同的月份内有不同的优势种，如黏虫在 5 月中旬 - 6 月中旬、暗黑鳃金龟在 6 - 8 月、草地贪夜蛾 Spodoptera frugiperda 在 10 月中下旬为群落优势种。这 10 年间，害虫群落多样性指数与均匀度指数年际波动较小，丰富度指数有升高趋势，而优势集中性指数年际差异较大; 依据群落结构的时序变化将这些主要害虫在一年中发生时期划分为: 种类上升期、虫量上升期、群 落繁盛期和种群消退期 4 个阶段。根据害虫优势种的发生动态，可在不同时间重点对优势种进行精准测报和防控。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to explore the community structure characteristics of the agricultural pests under the lamp in Luohe City of Henan Province，the community structure of agricultural pests trapped by using forecasting lamps in the suburb of Luohe City from 2010 to 2019 was analyzed. The results showed that 546017 individuals，14 families and 68 species of crop pests were collected this ten years. Lepidoptera pest accounted for about 61.42% of the total trapped insects，followed by Coleoptera ( 32.19% ) ， Orthoptera ( 5.87% ) and Hemiptera ( 0.52% ) ． Among the 14 families，Noctuidae ( 43.44% ) ， Scarabaeidae ( 31.76% ) and Pyralidae ( 13.44% ) were most dominant. Among the 68 species， Holotrichia parallela ( dominance index: 0.2678) ，Spodoptera exigua ( 0.1077) were most dominant and Athetis lepigone ( 0.0927) ，Mythimna separata ( 0.0792) ，Helicoverpa armigera ( 0.0693) and Ostrinia furnacalis ( 0.0631) were the abundant species. There was no significant increased in the number of species in recent ten years，but the total individuals varies greatly from year to year. The occurrence of some major pests has changed significantly in this ten years，for example，A. lepigone gradually reduced from dominant species to frequent species，and the dominance of Ag. ypsilon and Hymenia recurvalis decreased year by year，the dominance of H. armigera increased year by year. There were different dominant species in different months，such as M. separata from mid May to mid June，H. parallela from June to August，and Spodoptera frugiperda from mid to late October. During the ten years，the annual fluctuation of community diversity index and evenness index was small，the richness index had a rising trend，and the annual difference of dominance concentration index was largely. According to the time series changes of community structure，the occurrence period of these pests in a year can be divided into four stages: species rising stage，insect population rising stage，community flourishing stage，and population fading stage. According to the occurrence dynamics of the dominant species of pests，we can accurately forecast and control the dominant species at different times. |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 关闭 |
