| 黄兰英，胡红元，池骋，宋儒胜，陈霞，张昌容，尚小丽，吴建伟,2021,家蝇幼虫对两种秸秆的消化及利用研究[J].环境昆虫学报,(2):436-444 |
| 家蝇幼虫对两种秸秆的消化及利用研究 |
| Studies on digestion and utilization of two straws by feeding Musca domestica larva |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 家蝇 秸秆 生物降解 木质纤维素 生长发育 |
| 英文关键词:Musca domestic straw biodegradation lignocellulose growth and development |
| 基金项目:贵州省科技合作计划（黔科合LH字[2015]7328）；大学生创新创业训练计划（201610660012）；贵阳医学院博士启动基金（合同字第009号）；贵州省教育厅创新群体重大研究项目（黔教合KY字[2016]031）；贵州省免疫细胞与抗体工程研究中心（黔教合KY字[2017]017） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文旨在探明家蝇 Musca domestic 幼虫对高粱秸秆和小麦秸秆营养成分利用和木质纤维素的降解情况，以及不同配比秸秆饲料对家蝇生物学指标的影响，为今后产业化利用家蝇来生物降解秸秆类有机废弃物奠定理论基础。本研究采用70%高粱秸秆粉、70%麦秸秆粉和纯麦麸作为饲料，每种饲料各设置对照组、发酵组和家蝇幼虫取食组3种处理，检测并分析3种饲料各处理组中一般营养成分和木质纤维素的含量及变化；同时采用7种配比饲料喂养家蝇，观察各组家蝇不同发育阶段的体长、体重、存活率和发育历期等。结果表明：(1)3种饲料的各处理组中，一般营养成分和木质纤维素的含量均呈现：对照组>发酵组>家蝇取食组的趋势，此外除高粱秸秆组粗蛋白外，其余各组成份均差异显著（ P <0.05）；(2)小麦秸秆的木质纤维素含量>高粱秸秆>麦麸，且各组间均差异显著（ P <0.05）；(3)在相同秸秆配比条件下，高粱秸秆饲喂的家蝇其各虫态体长、体重、总存活率和发育历期均要优于麦秸秆喂养，且总存活率和发育历期与麦麸喂养相比差异不显著( P >0.05)；(4)纯高粱秸秆喂养下家蝇仍能保持正常的生长发育，而在90%小麦秸秆喂养下，家蝇则无法存活。综上所述，家蝇适合作为生物转化器用于秸秆、尤其是高粱秸秆的降解，且降解效果优于单纯的微生物发酵降解，研究结果为今后规模化利用家蝇降解秸秆类有机废弃物提供了理论依据和科学基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To lay a theoretical foundation for the future industrial utilization of Musca domestica,to biodegrade straw organic wastes, we meausured the relative indicators, which include the utilization of nutritional components, the lignocellulose degradation of sorghum straw and wheat straw, as well as the influence of different proportions of straw feed on the biological traits of M.domestica. In this study, 70% sorghum straw powder, 70% wheat straw powder and pure wheat bran were used as feeds. Each feed was treated with three ways: control group, fermentation group, and larva feeding group. The contents and changes in general nutrition and lignocellulose in each treatment group of the three feeds were detected and analyzed. Moreover, the body length, weight, survival rate and developmental duration of M.domestica in different development stages were observed.The results showed that: (1)The contents of general nutrition and lignocellulose in each treatment group of the three feeds displayed the trend of the control group > the fermentation group > the feeding larva group, and the differences between each two groups were significant except the contents of crude protein in sorghum straw ( P <0.05); (2)The lignocellulose contents of straw in wheat straw was higher than that in sorghum straw, and in sorghum straw was higher than that in wheat bran, and the differences between each two groups were significant ( P <0.05); (3)Under the same condition with a fixed ratio of straw, M.domestica fed with sorghum straw performed better than those fed with wheat straw in the body length, weight, overall survival rate, and shorter developmental duration, the differences in overall survival rate and developmental duration were not significant between sorghum straw group and wheat bran group ( P >0.05); (4) M.domestica could maintain normal growth and development when fed with pure sorghum straw, while they could not survive when fed with 90% wheat straw. In conclusion, M.domestica was a great candidate as a bioconverter for straw degradation, expecially for sorghum straw, and the degradation was better than the simple microbial fermentation. This study provided the theoretical evidence and scientific basis for the large scale use of M.domestica to degrade straw organic waste in the future. |
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