| 刘敏，刘宇杰，付宁宁，徐强，刘玉山，任利利，骆有庆,2021,7种松树挥发物分析及其主要萜烯类物质对红脂大小蠹行为选择的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,(1):48-59 |
| 7种松树挥发物分析及其主要萜烯类物质对红脂大小蠹行为选择的影响 |
| Analysis of volatiles from seven conifer species and effects of main terpenois on the behavior responses of Dendroctonus valens |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 红脂大小蠹 寄主树种 挥发物 烯烃类成分 行为反应 |
| 英文关键词:Dendroctonus valens conifer species volatiles terpenois behavioral response |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31870642)；北京市科技计划项目(Z191100008519004)；国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0600200) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 入侵种红脂大小蠹在我国逐渐向北扩散至内蒙古和辽宁等地。同时在林间发现，相对于油松其更偏好危害樟子松。本文主要分析我国7种松树挥发性物质以及新发生地红脂大小蠹对其中主要物质的行为选择。本研究采用动态顶空采样法和气相色谱——质谱联用技术(GC-MS)，对7种松树树干木段挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)进行采集和分析，包括油松Pinus tabuliformis、樟子松Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica、华山松Pinus armandii、白皮松Pinus bungeana、马尾松Pinus massoniana、红松Pinus koraiensis和落叶松Larix gmelinii。在此基础上参考以往研究中与红脂大小蠹行为相关的化合物，选择树种挥发物中7种主要烯烃类化合物：(1R)-(+) -α-蒎烯、(+)-3-蒈烯、(-)-β-蒎烯、月桂烯、(S)-(-)-柠檬烯，萜品油烯和莰烯，通过自制十通道行为仪器进行嗅觉反应试验，分析红脂大小蠹在不同浓度的化合物刺激下的行为选择反应。GC-MS结果表明，7种松树树干释放化合物中共包含烯烃类、醇类、酮类、醛类、酯类、酸类、烷烃和芳香烃8类化合物在内的54种化合物，其中烯烃类化合物相对含量最高。主成分分析及聚类分析结果表明红脂大小蠹以往偏好寄主油松与新偏好寄主樟子松的挥发物相似度最高，(+)-3-蒈烯为其特有的挥发性物质，莰烯含量高于其他树种；4种受害寄主树种（油松、樟子松、白皮松和华山松）挥发性物质相似，均含有高比例的α-蒎烯，同时有β-蒎烯、柠檬烯、萜品油烯。选择上述六种化合物及月桂烯（华山松、白皮松中共有的萜烯类化合物）进行行为选择反应。结果显示，受害寄主树种中含有的的β-蒎烯以及油松、樟子松中的特征性挥发物质(+)-3-蒈烯对雌虫具有明显的吸引作用，低浓度(-)-柠檬烯(10-4 mg/mL)对雄虫具有吸引作用；低浓度(10-4 mg/mL)月桂烯对雌虫以及中浓度(10-2 mg/mL)莰烯对雌雄成虫具有刺激性。综上所述，本研究证明了红脂大小蠹的寄主选择行为趋性与寄主树干挥发物的组成和含量有关。本试验结果将有助于理解植物挥发物对红脂大小蠹偏好寄主选择的影响并进一步开发红脂大小蠹的引诱剂和趋避剂以应用于其防治。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The invasive species, Dendroctonus valens LeConte has gradually spread northward in China to Inner Mongolia and Liaoning province recently. At the same time, it was found that D. valens preferred to damage Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica than P. tabulaformis. This paper mainly explored the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of seven conifer tree trunks and the behavioral choices of D. valens in Inner Mongolia for their main terpenes volatiles. The volatile organic compounds in seven conifer tree trunks, including P. tabuliformis, P. sylvestris var. mongolica, P. massoniana, P. bungeana, P. armandii, P. koraiensis, Larix gmelinii were collected using dynamic headspace air-circulation method. Then the constituents and relative contents were identified with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). With reference to the compounds related to the behavior of D. valens in previous studies, seven compounds with relatively high contents ((1R)-(+)-α-pinene, (+)-3-carene, (-)-β-pinene, myrcene, terpineol, (S)-(-)-limonene, camphene) were selected. Self-made behavioral olfactometer was used for behavioral responses tests. GC-MS results showed that the seven conifer tree trunk release compounds include a total of 54 compounds, that belong to olefins, alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, acids, alkanes, and aromatics. Among those eight compound groups, the group of olefins is the highest. The principal component analysis and cluster analysis results showed that the similarity of volatiles between the previous preferred host P. tabuliformis and the new preferred host P. sylvestris var. mongolica is the highest, and (+)-3-pinene is their unique volatile substance, the content of camphene is higher than other tree species. The volatile organic compounds of the four host species (P. tabuliformis, P. sylvestris, P. bungeana, P. armandii) of D. valens were similar. They all contained a high proportion of α-pinene, β-pinene, limonene, terpinolene. We selected the above six compounds and myrcene (terpenes compounds common in P. armandi and P. bungeana) for behavior tests. Behavioral response results showed that β-pinene and (+)-3-pinene had obvious attraction to female adults, and low-concentration (10-4 mg/mL) limonene had attractive effect on males. Low concentration (10-4 mg/mL) myrcene was irritating to females and medium-level (10-2 mg/mL) camphene was irritating to male and female adults. In summary, we concluded that the host selectivity of D. valens was related to the composition and content of the trunk volatiles. The results of this experiment would help to understand the influences of plant volatiles on the host perference of D. valens and further developing the attractants and repellent agents of D. valens. |
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