《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
张美娇，王轩，李远玉，林良冠，潘志萍,何晓芳	1.华南农业大学农学院昆虫学系，广州 510642；2.广东省科学院动物研究所，广州520620

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中文摘要:

携带有Wolbachia的短管赤眼蜂为完全的产雌孤雌生殖。前期的实验表明，利用四环素对携带有Wolbachia的短管赤眼蜂进行除菌处理，但结果并不能获得100%恢复孤雌产雄。本实验拟用环丙沙星与磺胺嘧啶这两种抗生素对携带有Wolbachia的短管赤眼蜂进行除菌效果筛选。实验分3组药剂处理，分别为使用环丙沙星、磺胺嘧啶及环丙沙星与磺胺嘧啶1:1混配液进行除菌处理。各组实验分别进行浓度为0.1 mg/mL、1.0 mg/mL和10.0 mg/mL 3个浓度处理。以无抗生素蜂蜜水处理作为实验对照组。分别检测、记录各处理的F0 - F1代的寄生卵量，F1 - F2代羽化个体数、雌雄个体数，雌雄相嵌体的个体数。结果表明：磺胺嘧啶对短管赤眼蜂的F0代产卵量降低，但F1代恢复产卵量；仅有0.1 mg/mL环丙沙星与磺胺嘧啶1:1混配液对短管赤眼蜂F2代的卵羽化率具有抑制作用，其它的处理与对照组结果无差异。环丙沙星处理后的携带Wolbachia的短管赤眼蜂没出现雄性后代，浓度为0.1 mg/mL环丙沙星与磺胺嘧啶1:1混配液处理在F2代出现了雌雄相嵌体。浓度为1.0 mg/mL和10 mg/mL的环丙沙星与磺胺嘧啶1:1混配液处理和磺胺嘧啶处理在F2代出现了完全雄性后代。使用磺胺嘧啶处理携带Wolbachia的短管赤眼蜂，可更方便快捷获得100%雄性后代。

英文摘要:

Endosymbiotic bacterium of genus Wolbachia cause thelytoky in Trichogramma pretiosum. Previous experiments showed that tetracycline can’t revert thelytoky to complete arrhenotoky in T. pretiosum. In this paper, three antibiotic treatments, ciprofloxacin, sulfadiazine and 1:1 mixture of both antibiotics and three concentrations (0.1 mg/mL, 1.0 mg/mL and 10.0 mg/mL) for each antibiotic treatment were tested in the paper. Our results showed that sulfadiazine reduces the fecundity of F0 generation of T. pretiosum, but restores egg production by F1 generation. only 0.1 mg/mL 1:1 mixed to egg emergence rate of F2 generation has an inhibitory effect, and the other treatments have no difference from the control results. Mode of reproduction from thelytoky to arrhenotoky by exposing thelytokous females of T. pretiosum to 1.0 mg/mL, 10 mg/mL sulfadiazine or mixed with ciprofloxacin, whereas no change in mode of reproduction by treated with ciprofloxacin alone. Intersex individual were detected in the treatment of 0.1 mg/mL 1:1 mixture. Using sulfadiazine is more convenient and efficient to achieve completely arrhenotoky individuals in T. pretiosum.

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