《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
张晓明，胡昌雄，赵浩旭，张宏瑞，桂富荣，李正跃	云南农业大学植物保护学院，云南生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室，昆明 650201

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中文摘要:

为明确吡虫啉持续大量使用对外来入侵害虫西花蓟马Frankliniella occidentalis的影响。本研究通过毒力测定得到西花蓟马室内种群LC30及LC50的两种吡虫啉浓度162 mg/L和171 mg/L，在室内人工气候箱环境下研究了西花蓟马各虫态的发育历期、成虫寿命及性比等相关种群参数。结果表明，西花蓟马未成熟虫期的发育历期在经过吡虫啉处理后相比对照显著缩短（P <0.05），且雌性西花蓟马的未成熟虫期明显短于雄性西花蓟马，其中以171 mg/L吡虫啉处理后西花蓟马的雌性种群未成熟虫期发育历期缩短最为明显（P<0.05）；西花蓟马雄性种群的寿命略长于雌性种群，且171 mg/L吡虫啉处理后雌雄虫寿命与对照相比均显著缩短（P<0.05）；吡虫啉处理后西花蓟马的平均产卵期低于对照，但单雌产卵量、日均产卵量均显著高于对照，171 mg/L吡虫啉处理后的单雌产卵量和日均产卵量最高（P<0.05）。吡虫啉胁迫后，西花蓟马的雌性种群在整个种群中所占比例增速迅速上升，经过125 d（大约5代）之后，雌性种群已经占绝对优势，几乎取代雄性种群，即种群中90%以上均为雌性西花蓟马。西花蓟马雌性种群对吡虫啉的胁迫适应性强于雄性种群，吡虫啉胁迫是造成西花蓟马雌性种群比例迅速升高的主要原因之一，在吡虫啉浓度LC30到LC50胁迫的范围内，随着吡虫啉胁迫浓度的增加，种群中雌性种群所占比例增大。

英文摘要:

In order to clarify the influence on the extensive use of imidacloprid for invasive pest Frankliniella occidentalis. Two different kinds of imidacloprid concentrations 162 mg/L and 171 mg/L which the F. occidentalis indoor population LC30 and LC50 under toxicity determination were used in this study, while the population parameters of F. occidentalis in different stage, life of adults, sex ratio were studied under artificial climate chamber experiment condition. The results showed that the developmental duration of the immature stage was significantly shorten under imidacloprid stress treatments than that on control, meanwhile, the female population was significantly shorter than that of male, and the female population of immature stage holds the most obvious shortest development duration under 171 mg/L imidacloprid stress (P<0.05). The life of male was longer than that of female，and both of them under 171 mg/L imidacloprid stress were significantly shorter than life of male and female on control (P<0.05)；the oviposition period was in treatments were shorter than that of the control, the treatment of 171 mg/L under imidacloprid stress holds the highest oviposition rate and daily oviposition rate per female, and both treatments of the oviposition rate, daily oviposition rate per female were higher than that of the control (P<0.05). The ratio of F. occidentalis female population increased quickly, after 125 days (about 5 generations), the female population has occupied an absolute advantage in whole population, and that is, more than 90% of the populations were female compared with the control. Imidacloprid stress is one of the main reasons caused to the rising population percentage of female population, and the adaptability to imidacloprid stress of female population is better than that of the male population. The increasing proportion of female population in F. occidentalis with the increased concentration of imidacloprid while in the range from LC30to LC50concentrations under imidacloprid stress.

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