| ,2014,11种杀螨剂对异色瓢虫的安全性比较[J].环境昆虫学报,(5):768-774 |
| 11种杀螨剂对异色瓢虫的安全性比较 |
| Safety comparison of 11 kinds of acaricides to Harmonia axyridis |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 喷雾法，杀螨剂，天敌，异色瓢虫，安全性 |
| 英文关键词:acaricides, natural enemy, harmonia axyridis, safety |
| 基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103020) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究选用9种常用杀螨剂及2种新型杀螨剂螺虫乙酯、米尔贝霉素，在其田间推荐使用浓度范围内分别设高、中、低三个试验剂量，用喷雾法直接处理异色瓢虫幼虫、蛹、成虫，以比较药剂对该瓢虫的安全性。主要研究结果如下：1）通过调查24h、48h死亡率，发现11种杀螨剂对异色瓢虫3龄幼虫毒杀效果由高至低依次为三唑锡＞双甲脒＞阿维菌素＞甲氰菊酯＞炔螨特＞哒螨灵＞噻螨酮＞米尔贝霉素＞甲维盐＞螺螨酯=螺虫乙酯，其中螺螨酯和螺虫乙酯处理的幼虫死亡率均为0。2）除阿维菌素、甲氰菊酯和甲维盐外，其它8种杀螨剂对蛹羽化为成虫基本没影响。11种杀螨剂对刚羽化出的成虫有残毒作用，毒效由高至低依次为阿维菌素＞甲维盐＞双甲脒＞甲氰菊酯＞螺螨酯＞三唑锡＞哒螨灵＞噻螨酮＞炔螨特＞螺虫乙酯＞米尔贝霉素，其中后6种药剂处理的新羽化成虫死亡率在13.8%以下。3）双甲脒、螺螨酯、三唑锡、哒螨灵、噻螨酮、炔螨特处理成虫的死亡率为0，其余5种药剂对成虫的毒杀效果由高至低依次为阿维菌素＞甲氰菊酯＞甲维盐＞螺虫乙酯＞米尔贝霉素。为了保护异色瓢虫，田间化学防治叶螨时应根据该瓢虫发生虫态合理选用杀螨剂。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to compare the safety of acaricide on Harmonia axyridis, we selected 9 kinds of commonly used acaricides and 2 kinds of new acaricides (Spirotetramat and Milbemycins), and chose high, medium and low concentrations within its field recommended concentration range, used the pray method to deal directly with larvae, pupae and adult. The main results were as follows:1) Through investigated the mortality of 24h and 48h, The toxic effect of the 11 kinds of acaricides for the third stage larvae in descending order was: Azacyclotin > Amitraz > Abamectin > Fenpropathrin > Propargite > Pyridaben > Hexythiazox > Milbemycins > Emamectin benzoate > Spirodiclofen = Spirotetramat, and the mortality rate of spirodiclofen and spirotetramat were 0. 2) The other 8 acaricides had no significantly affect to adult eclosion except abamectin, fenpropathrin and emamectin benzoate. But every acaricides had poisoning effects for newly emerged adult, the descending order was：Bamectin > Emamectin benzoate > Amitraz > Fenpropathrin > Spirodiclofen > Azacyclotin > Pyridaben > Hexythiazox > Propargite > Spirotetramat > Milbemycins, and the mortality rates of the last 6 acaricides were less than 13.8%. 3) The adult mortality rates of amitraz, spirodiclofen, azacyclotin, pyridaben, hexythiazox and propargite were 0, The toxic effect of the other 5 acaricides in descending order was: Abamectin > Fenpropathrin > Emamectin benzoate > Spirotetramat > Milbemycins. In order to?protect Harmonia axyridis, we should reasonably select the acaricide according to the occurrence period of Harmonia axyridis in the field. |
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