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| 作物与昆虫间小RNA跨界调控的研究进展 |
| Research advances in the cross-kingdom regulation of small RNAs between crops and insects |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 作物 昆虫 小RNA 跨界调控 绿色防控 |
| 英文关键词:Crop insect small RNA cross-kingdom regulation eco-friendly pest management |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32402397）；广东省基础与应用基础研究基金（2024A1515013028）；广东省普通高校特色创新类项目（2023KTSCX046）；广州市科技计划项目（2024A04J4995）；西南作物基因资源发掘与利用国家重点实验室开放基金课题（SKL-KF202315）；省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室开放基金课题（2021DG700024-KF202408） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 植物与植食性昆虫之间存在着复杂的竞争与共生关系，促使双方经历了长期的协同进化。小RNA（small RNA，sRNA）是一类序列短于300 nt的非编码RNA，通过调控基因表达而影响生物体的生长发育。更为重要的是，sRNA还可以在不同物种间传递，以跨界的方式调控其他物种的基因表达，这种跨界调控在生物间的信息交流中扮演着至关重要的角色。本文总结了作物与害虫间sRNA跨界调控的最新进展，发现植物源sRNA能够调控昆虫的生长、发育和繁殖，而昆虫源sRNA也能进入植物体内，调控植物的防御反应等。sRNA精准识别目标基因的特异性高、结构稳定性强以及植物源sRNA对害虫的调控作用使其在害虫防控中具有极大的应用前景，利用转基因植物表达昆虫sRNA或开发新型绿色核酸农药等，是农业害虫防治的新思路。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The complex interplay between competition and symbiosis among plants and phytophagous insects has driven their long-term coevolutionary dynamics. Small RNAs (sRNAs), non-coding RNA molecules typically less than 300 nucleotides in length, act as key regulators of gene expression and influence organismal development. Notably, these sRNAs exhibit trans-kingdom mobility, enabling cross-species gene regulation, which plays a critical role in facilitating interspecific communication. This review synthesizes recent advances in sRNA-mediated cross-kingdom regulation within crop-pest systems. Plant-derived sRNAs can modulate insect growth, developmental processes, and reproduction, whereas insect-derived sRNAs can enter plants and regulate plant defense responses, among other functions. Small RNAs (sRNAs) possess high specificity for precise target gene recognition and strong structural stability, and plant-derived sRNAs can effectively regulate pests, giving them novel opportunities for pest management. Emerging strategies, such as transgenic crops expressing pest-specific sRNAs or developing novel green nucleic acid-based pesticides, offer innovative approaches for agricultural pest management. |
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