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| 中国梨喀木虱若虫为什么能在蜜露中呼吸？ |
| Why can the nymphs of Cacopsylla chinensis respire in honeydew? |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 中国梨喀木虱 若虫 呼吸系统 气门 蜜露 |
| 英文关键词:Cacopsylla chinensis nymphs respiratory system spiracle honeydew |
| 基金项目:山西省重点研发计划（202302140601011）；国家现代农业（梨）产业技术体系（CARS-28-19）；山西农业大学“引进人才科研启动工程”项目（2023BQ17） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | GAO Xin, YU Qiang, LIU Yan, ZHAO Long-Long, JI Jia-Yue, MA Rui-Yan | 1. College of Plant Protection, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, Shanxi Province, China
2. Pomology Institute of Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030815, Shanxi Province, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 【目的】为解析陆生昆虫中国梨喀木虱Cacopsylla chinensis若虫在蜜露中的呼吸机制，本文通过不同条件的浸水试验研究了中国梨喀木虱若虫在水中的存活能力。【方法】利用乳酸浸泡法研究了其呼吸系统构造，通过扫描电镜观察了若虫气门的超微结构。【结果】结果表明，自然条件下，1~5龄若虫在蜜露中的浸没占比均超过76.00%，其中以2龄若虫的浸没比例最高，为（99.00 ± 1.00）%；中国梨喀木虱若虫在浸水条件下的致死中时为12.47 h，随着浸水时间的延长，若虫死亡率逐渐上升；中国梨喀木虱若虫共有5对气门，其中胸部2对，腹部3对；中国梨喀木虱若虫利用翅芽下及腹部气门处密生的约90 μm超微疏水毛，在水中形成的气泡膜进行水下或蜜露中呼吸；加入非离子表面活性剂消除若虫超微疏水毛区的气泡膜后，中国梨喀木虱若虫的水下呼吸受到明显影响，10 min后，若虫的死亡率达到了（95.00 ± 1.83）%。【结论】本研究明确了中国梨喀木虱若虫是利用气门周围疏水毛形成的气泡膜在水中或蜜露中进行呼吸，基于上述结果，可为科学、绿色防治中国梨喀木虱提供参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| 【Aim】Cacopsylla chinensis, a terrestrial insect, was studied for its nymph's respiratory mechanism in honeydew through series of immersion experiments.The survival of C. chinensis nymphs in water under different immersion conditions was studied. 【Methods】The respiratory system structure of C. chinensis nymphs was analyzed via the lactic acid immersion method. And the scanning electron microscope was employed to observe the spiracles' ultrastructure of C. chinensis nymphs.【Results】The results showed that under natural conditions, the immersion rates of 1st to 5th instar C. chinensis nymphs in honeydew were all exceeded 76.00%, with the 2nd instar nymphs exhibiting the highest immersion rate (99.00 ± 1.00)%.The median lethal time of C. chinensis nymphs under immersion conditions was 12.47 h, and the nymph mortality rate increased gradually with prolonged immersion time. C. chinensis nymphs had five pairs of spiracles, including two pairs on the thorax and three pairs on the abdomen. The nymphs respired underwater or in honeydew by the air bubble film formed by the densely distributed ultrafine hydrophobic setae (approximately 90 μm in length) located under the wing buds and around the abdominal spiracles. However, when non-ionic surfactants were added to water, the air bubble film was eliminated, and the underwater respiration of C. chinensis nymphs was significantly impaired. After only 10 minutes, the nymph mortality rate reached (95.00 ± 1.83)%. This study indicates that the air bubble film formed by hydrophobic setae of C. chinensis nymphs around their spiracles were used to respire in water or honeydew.【Conclusion】Based on the above findings, this study provides a scientific reference for the sustainable and ecological control of C. chinensis. |
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