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| 资源昆虫在家禽饲料中的利用与产业化现状 |
| The utilization and industrialization status of resource insects in the poultry feed |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 资源昆虫 家禽 蛋白质 脂肪酸 抗菌肽 功能成分 |
| 英文关键词:Resource insects poultry protein fatty acid antimicrobial peptide functional component |
| 基金项目:扬州市生态循环农业发展试点项目；扬州大学“青蓝工程” |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | SHEN Hai-Yu, XU Qian-Lan, DOU Xin-Hong, LU Ming-Xing | 1. Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Sciences, Yangzhou 225125, Jiangsu Province, China
2. Institute of Poultry Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Yangzhou 225125, Jiangsu Province, China
3. College of Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 25009, Jiangsu Province, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 资源昆虫除富含蛋白以及其他的必需营养素外，还富含功能性活性物质，这些物质对动物健康产生积极影响，已发现其中500种昆虫可用于饲料开发。随着人类对动物蛋白需求的不断增加，家禽以其饲料转化率低、生命周期短、土地利用效率高、营养丰富等特点得到消费者的认可。但是，为了满足日益增长的需求，家禽业也面临着可持续的饲料来源缺乏的困境。本论文综述发现资源昆虫中主要潜在饲料昆虫都富含蛋白质和比较均衡的氨基酸组成，脂肪酸含量高，不同种类资源昆虫的优势脂肪酸种类有差异，此外它们还具有丰富的抗菌肽、甲壳素、矿物质元素等。进一步阐明主要潜在饲料昆虫添加到家禽饲料中可以改善家禽生长性能、肉类品质、蛋类品质，提高家禽的免疫能力等。最后，总结了资源昆虫在家禽产业中的利用与产业化现状，并展望了利用前景及在整个循环农业中的重要地位。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Resource insects are not only abundant in protein and other essential nutrients, but also rich in functional active substances, which exert positive effects on animal health. Five hundreds of them have been identified as usable for feed development. With the continuous growth of human demand for animal protein, poultry has gained recognition from consumers due to its advantages such as low feed conversion rate, short life cycle, high land use efficiency, rich nutritional value, and so on. However, in order to meet the increasing demand, the poultry industry is confronted with the difficulty of a lack of sustainable feed sources. This review demonstrates that the major potential feed insect species among resource insects are rich in protein with a well-balanced amino acid profile and high fatty acid content, while the dominant fatty acid components vary across different species. In addition, these insects are abundant in antimicrobial peptides, chitin, mineral elements, etc.. Meanwhile, it further clarifies the supplementation of these major potential feed insects in poultry diets can improve growth performance, meat quality and egg quality, as well as enhance the immune function of poultry. Finally, the current status of the utilization and industrialization of resource insects in the poultry industry is summarized, and their application prospects and critical role in the overall circular agricultural are prospected. |
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