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| 基于“三趋性”的农业害虫智能监测技术研究进展与应用现状 |
| Research progress and application status of intelligent monitoring technology for agricultural pests based on the "three tropisms" |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 害虫 灯诱监测 性诱监测 食诱监测 智能监测预警 |
| 英文关键词:Insect pests light-trap monitoring sex-hormone-trap monitoring food-trap monitoring intelligent monitoring and early warning |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2022YFD1400600） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 在全球气候变化背景下，农业害虫的发生与暴发成灾规律日益复杂多变，对农业生产构成严重威胁。传统害虫监测预警方法因效率低、准确性差等问题难以满足现代农业害虫精准管理的需求。近年来诸多研究表明，基于昆虫趋光性、趋化性和趋食性（即“三趋性”）研发的农业害虫灯诱、性诱和食诱等监测预警技术（如虫情测报灯、性诱远程监测系统等）发展迅速，并结合自动计数、智能识别以及物联网等技术，构建了害虫智能监测预警系统。本文综述了基于昆虫“三趋性”（即灯诱、性诱和食诱）的三种主要害虫监测预警技术的相关机理，以及害虫智能监测预警技术的发展现状和应用前景，指出这些技术在提高害虫监测效率和测报准确性等方面的显著优势，同时也分析了当前技术应用中存在的问题与挑战，如易受环境干扰，涉及专业门类多及相关专业人才短缺等技术瓶颈。未来需融合多源数据与智能化AI模型，优化监测技术，构建智能化害虫监测预警平台，以保障农业生产安全和促进农业可持续发展。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Under global climate change, the occurrence, outbreak and the related mechanisms of agricultural insect pests are increasingly complex and changeable, posing a serious threat to agricultural production. Traditional monitoring and early warning methods are difficult to meet the needs of precision management of insect pests in modern agriculture due to their low efficiency and poor accuracy. Recently many studies were carried out and indicated that the monitoring and early warning technologies of agricultural insect pests, such as the mornitoring technologies of light trapping, sex-hormone trapping and food traping (e.g. pest monitoring light, remote sex-hormone monitoring system etc.), have been rapidly developed based on the phototaxis, chemotaxis and sitotaxis (collectively termed the “three tropisms”) of insect pests. These technologies, combined with automatic counting, intelligent identification and the Internet of Things (IoT), have facilitated the construction of intelligent monitoring and early warning systems. This paper reviewed the mechanism of three main monitoring and early warning technologies of insect pests based on their “three tropisms” (i.e., light trapping, sex-hormone trapping, and food trapping), as well as the development status and application prospect of intelligent monitoring and early warning technologies of insect pests, and pointed out the significant advantages of these technologies in improving the monitoring efficiency and prediction accuracy of insect pests. It also analyzed the existing problems and challenges in the application of these technologies (e.g., susceptibility to the environment, and involvement of multiple specialized disciplines and shortage of relevant professionals). In the future, it is necessary to integrate multi-source data and intelligent Al model to further optimize monitoring technologies and build intelligent monitoring and early warning platforms for insect pests in order to ensure agricultural production safety and promote sustainable development of agriculture. |
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