《环境昆虫学报》

沃尔巴克氏体（Wolbachia）是节肢动物及线虫中广泛存在的一类胞内共生菌，通过分泌效应因子影响宿主生殖和其他生理过程。【目的】为了有助于研究Wolbachia-宿主互作方式及机制，并提出有效的卫生（农林）害虫防治策略，【方法】本文综述了已报道的Wolbachia效应因子研究进展及相关研究方法。【结果】目前对Wolbachia效应因子及其调控机制的研究方法主要包括质谱法、生物信息学筛选、真核系统表达和转基因体系构建等。且Wolbachia效应因子Cifs、Wmk、Oscar、TomO、PIFF、WalE1等效应因子功能、结构及潜在机制已被报道。【结论】鉴于Wolbachia效应因子研究现状，未来研究应集中在以下方面：（1）通过多组学分析筛选新的效应因子，阐明Wolbachia-宿主互作机制；（2）开发农林害虫防治策略；（3）结合甲基化、miRNA进一步探明共生菌-宿主互作关系。

英文摘要:

Wolbachia is a group of intracellular symbionts widely prevalent in arthropods and nematodes, which manipulate host reproduction and other physiological processes via the secretion of effector proteins. 【Aim】To facilitate further study of Wolbachia-host interactions mechanisms and the development of effective control strategies for agricultural, forestry and sanitation pests, 【Methods】this article systematically reviews advances in Wolbachia effectors and associated research methodologies. 【Results】Current methodologies for investigating Wolbachia effectors and their regulatory mechanisms predominantly encompass mass spectrometry, bioinformatic-based screening, heterologous eukaryotic expression systems, and transgenic system construction. The functions, molecular structures, and mechanistic bases of characterized Wolbachia effectors including Cifs, Wmk, Oscar, TomO, PIFF, and WalE1 - have been systematically elucidated in recent studies. 【Conclusion】In view of the current research advances in Wolbachia effectors, future investigations are suggested to focus on the following aspects: (1) Systematic identification of novel effectors through integrated multi-omics approaches to elucidate the mechanisms of Wolbachia-host interactions; (2) Developing innovative pest control strategies targeting agricultural and forestry pests; (3) Investigating Wolbachia-host symbiotic interactions through integrative analyses of DNA methylation and miRNA regulation.

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