《环境昆虫学报》

荔枝原产于中国，在我国的种植面积和产量位居世界之首，是我国重要的经济水果之一。我国荔枝上病虫害种类繁多，严重影响荔枝的产量和品质。目前，化学防治已成为防控荔枝病虫害的主要手段。若化学农药使用不当，可能会导致农药残留、环境污染以及生态失衡等一系列问题。因此，合理使用农药是确保荔枝可持续生产的关键。为了应对这一挑战，全面了解荔枝农药登记概况，对建立科学的施用方案，有效减少病虫害，提高荔枝的产量和果实质量至关重要。本文对我国荔枝用登记农药的产品类别、数量、剂型、作用靶标、有效成分及毒性等方面进行了统计分析，并针对当前荔枝用药存在的问题提出了相关对策与建议，旨在为荔枝病虫害的防控提供科学依据。

英文摘要:

Litchi, indigenous to China, ranks first globally in both cultivation area and production output, making it one of the country's most economically important fruit crops. However, litchi production in China faces severe challenges from diverse pests and pathogen complexes, which significantly reduce yield and compromise fruit quality. Currently, chemical control remains the predominant method for managing these biotic stresses. The misuse of chemical pesticides may lead to pesticide residues, environmental pollution, and ecosystem degradation. Therefore, regulated utilization of pesticides is critical to achieving environmentally sustainable litchi production. To address these challenges, a comprehensive understanding the registration status of pesticides applicable to litchi is essential for establishing science-based application protocols, effectively reducing pest and disease incidence, and improving both yield and fruit quality. This article provides a comprehensive statistical analysis of pesticides registered for litchi in China, covering product categories, registration numbers, formulations, target pests and diseases, active ingredients, and toxicity classifications. Furthermore, it proposes targeted strategies and recommendations to overcome current challenges in pesticide application, aiming to provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of pests and diseases in lychee plants.

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