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| 作物与昆虫间小RNA跨界调控的研究进展 |
| Research advances in the cross-kingdom regulation of small RNAs between crops and insects |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 作物 昆虫 小RNA 跨界调控 绿色防控 |
| 英文关键词:Crop insect small RNA cross-kingdom regulation eco-friendly pest management |
| 基金项目: |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 植物与植食性昆虫之间存在着复杂的竞争与共生关系，促使双方经历了长期的协同进化。小RNA（small RNA，sRNA）是一类序列短于300 nt的非编码RNA，通过调控基因表达而影响生物体的生长发育。更为重要的是，sRNA还可以在不同物种间传递，以跨界的方式调控其他物种的基因表达，这种跨界调控在生物间的信息交流中扮演着至关重要的角色。本文总结了作物与害虫间sRNA跨界调控的最新进展，发现植物源sRNA能够调控昆虫的生长、发育和繁殖，而昆虫源sRNA也能进入植物体内，调控植物的防御反应等。sRNA精准识别目标基因的特异性高、结构稳定性强以及植物源sRNA对害虫的调控作用使其在害虫防控中具有极大的应用前景，利用转基因植物表达昆虫sRNA或开发新型绿色核酸农药等，是农业害虫防治的新思路。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The complex interplay between competition and symbiosis among plants and phytophagous insects has driven their long-term coevolutionary dynamics. Small RNAs (sRNAs), non-coding RNA molecules typically less than 300 nucleotides in length, act as key regulators of gene expression and influence organismal development. Notably, these sRNAs exhibit trans-kingdom mobility, enabling cross-species gene regulation that facilitates interspecific communication. This review synthesizes recent advances in sRNA-mediated cross-kingdom regulation within crop–pest systems. Plant-derived sRNAs can precisely modulate insect developmental processes, including metamorphosis and fecundity, whereas insect-derived sRNAs may suppress plant defense responses. The unique characteristics of sRNAs—including high sequence specificity, structural stability, and efficient gene-silencing capability—present novel opportunities for pest management. Emerging strategies, such as transgenic crops expressing pest-specific sRNAs or biodegradable nucleic acid-based pesticides, offer promising and environmentally sustainable approaches for agricultural protection. |
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