《环境昆虫学报》

为明确噻虫嗪和氟啶虫酰胺萝卜种子丸粒化包衣处理对桃蚜Myzus persicae的防控效果和噻虫嗪在田间的消解动态，研究了两种药剂不同药种比丸粒化包衣对萝卜种子发芽的影响和对桃蚜的田间防效，测定了噻虫嗪在萝卜各器官及根系周边土壤中的残留量。结果表明，噻虫嗪、氟啶虫酰胺分别按1 : 100、2 : 100药种比处理，大田栽培条件下萝卜种子的出苗率在83.39%~89.71%之间，穴盘播种条件下出苗率在97.22%~100%之间，与对照相比无显著差异。药剂丸粒化包衣后桃蚜的田间种群发生量显著低于对照区，持效期30 d以上，各处理对桃蚜的防控效果依次为噻虫嗪2 : 100>噻虫嗪1 : 100>氟啶虫酰胺2 : 100>氟啶虫酰胺1 : 100。噻虫嗪在土壤和萝卜植株不同部位的含量变化呈现先升高后降低的趋势，在土壤中于播种后4 d达到最大沉积量0.016 mg/kg，在根和叶中分别于播种后7 d达到最大沉积量，分别为0.035 mg/kg和0.079 mg/kg。播种后4~10 d，噻虫嗪在不同部位的含量为叶＞根＞土壤，播种后14 ~28 d为根＞叶＞土壤。噻虫嗪在土壤、根、叶中的消解半衰期分别为2.60 d、3.40 d、1.25 d。噻虫嗪丸粒化包衣在萝卜生产中安全可行，对桃蚜防控效果优异，本研究为十字花科作物苗期蚜虫的有效防治提供了新的解决方案。

英文摘要:

To clarify the control efficiency of thiamethoxam and flonicamid pelleted radish seeds against Myzus persicae and the degradation dynamics of thiamethoxam in the field after seed pelleting, the germination of radish seeds after pelleting treatment with different insecticide-to-seed ratios and their field control efficiency against M. persicae were analyzed. The residues of thiamethoxam in different parts of radish plants and the rhizosphere soil were determined. The results revealed that the germination rates of radish seedlings after pelleting with thiamethoxam and flonicamid at insecticide-to-seed ratios of 1∶100 and 2∶100 under field cultivation conditions ranged from 83.39% to 89.71%, and those under plug transplant conditions ranged from 97.22% to 100%, which were not significantly different from those of the control. After pelleting, the population occurrence of M. persicae were significantly lower than those of the control group, and the effect lasted for more than 30 days. The field control efficiencies of the different pelleting treatments against M. persicae were as follows: thiamethoxam 2∶100 > thiamethoxam 1∶100 > flonicamid 2∶100 > flonicamid 1∶100. The thiamethoxam residue in the soil and different plant parts first increased but then decreased. The maximum concentration in the soil reached 0.016 mg/kg on the 4th day after seeding, and those in the roots and leaves reached 0.035 mg/kg and 0.079 mg/kg, respectively, on the 7th day after seeding. The thiamethoxam residues in the different parts were as follows: leaf > root > soil 4 to 10 days after sowing and root > leaf > soil 14 to 28 days after sowing. The degradation half-lives of thiamethoxam in the soil, roots and leaves were 2.60 d, 3.40 d and 1.25 d, respectively. Seed-pelleting with thiamethoxam is safe and feasible for radish production and exerts excellent control over M. persicae. This study provides an effective solution for the prevention and control of the aphids in cruciferous crops at the seedling stage.

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