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| 昆虫酪氨酸羟化酶和多巴脱羧酶的研究进展 |
| Research progress on tyrosine hydroxylase and dopa decarboxylase in insects |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 酪氨酸羟化酶 多巴脱羧酶 基因表达 多巴胺合成机制 生理功能 |
| 英文关键词:Tyrosine hydroxylase dopa decarboxylase gene expression dopamine synthesis mechanism physiological function |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金（32302344） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 酪氨酸羟化酶（Tyrosine hydroxylase，TH）是参与多巴胺（Dopamine，DA）生物合成的初始限速合成酶，多巴脱羧酶（DOPA decarboxylase，DDC）参与DA合成的最后一步，可将左旋多巴（L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine，L-DOPA）转化为DA，这两种酶都在DA合成中起到了重要的作用。DA是昆虫中重要的神经递质，在调控昆虫发育、取食、免疫、求偶、交配等生理与行为过程中起到关键作用。本文主要从昆虫TH和DDC的表达情况、参与DA合成机制、以及这两种酶的生理功能等方面介绍了相关的研究进展，并对未来的相关研究和应用前景进行了展望。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) is the initial rate-limiting synthase involved in the synthesis of dopamine (DA), and dopa decarboxylase (DDC) is involved in the final step of DA synthesis, which converts L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) to DA, and both enzymes play important roles in DA synthesis. DA is an important neurotransmitter in insects, exerting key functions in the regulation of various physiological and behavioral processes of insects, such as development, feeding, immunity, courtship and mating. In this review, we mainly introduce the relevant research progress on the gene expressions of TH and DDC in insects, the mechanisms involved in DA synthesis, and the physiological functions of these two enzymes, and we also presented the prospects for the future research and application prospects. |
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