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| 基于光周期线索的迁飞性害虫褐飞虱羽化昼夜节律探究 |
| Photoperiod-driven diel and circadian eclosion rhythms in the migratory pest Nilaparvata lugens |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 迁飞昆虫 褐飞虱 羽化行为 昼夜节律 光周期 生物钟 |
| 英文关键词:Migratory insect Nilaparvata lugens eclosion behavior diel and circadian rhythm photoperiod circadian clock |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2021YFD1401102）；国家自然科学基金（32172414）；江苏省自然科学基金（BK20221510） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | XUANYUAN Zong-Jin, XIE Wen-Hao, WANG Yuan, QIU Hui, LI Pin, HUANG Xu, HU Gao, CHEN Fa-Jun, WAN Gui-Jun | 1. State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Forestry Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
2. Sanya Research Institute, Nanjing Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, Hainan Province, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确水稻重大迁飞性害虫褐飞虱Nilaparvata lugens羽化昼夜节律对光周期的响应，建立以羽化节律为表型的生物钟机制研究方法，并为其精准防控提供时间生物学依据，本研究在自然地磁强度（45 μT）下，利用自主研制的“基于时间生物学的小型动物生物节律表型全时监测装置”，设置本地发生为害涉及的长日照导引（Entrain）光周期（14 L∶10 D，LD；同时用于其他光周期处理前的导引）、持续黑暗（Dark-Dark，DD）及持续光照（Light-Light，LL）处理，系统监测褐飞虱羽化前的5龄若虫历期、成虫羽化历时及羽化节律。结合褐飞虱相对较长的羽化历时（均值：32.80~36.48 min），建立了2 h分辨率的羽化节律分析方法。结果表明，在本研究体系下，LD、DD和LL下羽化节律符合正态分布，而随着光照的持续，在LL+2处理下羽化行为不再符合正态分布。不同光周期条件下褐飞虱羽化高峰均集中于暗期或LD导引下的暗期对应相位：LD下羽化高峰出现在Zeitgeber Time（ZT）22-24（20.91%），表现出显著的光暗转换预期行为（Anticipation behavior）；DD条件下羽化高峰提前至Circadian Time（CT）20-22（24.00%），内源自由运转（Free-running）周期τ小于24 h；LL初期表现出与LD类似的节律相位，但延长处理（LL+2）后节律完全紊乱，提示节律系统对持续光照高度敏感。此外，LD条件下不同翅型与性别的羽化高峰均集中于光期开始前2 h（ZT22-24：18.18%~25.00%）。综上，褐飞虱羽化昼夜节律受外源光周期和内源生物钟协同调控，表现出稳定而可预测的时相特征，可作为研究其生物钟机制的可靠表型，为促进揭示其迁飞时控规律及制定精准防控时机提供了有力支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Precise timing of emergence in insect pests is critical for understanding circadian regulation and improving time-based control strategies. In this study, we examined the diel and circadian eclosion rhythms of the migratory rice pest Nilaparvata lugens in response to different photoperiodic conditions. Experiments were conducted under a natural geomagnetic field (45 μT) using a custom-built, full-time chronobiological monitoring system for small insects. Insects were entrained to a long-day photoperiod (L14:D10, LD; also used for entrainment before other photoperiod treatments), representative of local outbreak conditions, and then exposed to either continued LD, constant darkness (DD), or constant light (LL). Fifth-instar duration, adult eclosion duration, and population-level emergence rhythms were continuously recorded. Given the relatively long eclosion duration (mean: 32.80~36.48 min), we adopted a 2-hour binning strategy for rhythm analysis. The results showed that eclosion rhythms followed a normal distribution under LD, DD and LL conditions, whereas under continuous light (LL+2), eclosion behavior no longer conformed to a normal distribution. Under all photoperiods, emergence peaks occurred during the dark phase or in circadian phases corresponding to darkness under LD. In the LD condition, peak emergence occurred at Zeitgeber Time (ZT) 22-24, accounting for 20.91% of total eclosion events and showing clear anticipation of lights-on. Under DD, the peak shifted to Circadian Time (CT) 20-22 (24.00%), indicating a free-running period shorter than 24 hours. LL initially preserved the LD-like phase, but rhythmicity was completely lost after two additional days of continuous light, suggesting high sensitivity of the clock system to prolonged illumination. Under LD, both wing morphs and sexes exhibited synchronized emergence peaks in the two hours before lights-on (ZT22-24), with peak proportions ranging from 18.18% to 25.00%. In summary, the eclosion rhythm of N. lugens is jointly regulated by external photoperiodic cues and an internal circadian clock, exhibiting stable and predictable phase characteristics. This rhythm provides a reliable phenotypic marker for investigating its circadian mechanisms and offers a valuable temporal framework for understanding the timing of migration and optimizing precision control strategies in the field. |
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