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| 细胞内记录与染色技术在蜜蜂脑神经形态和生理研究中的应用 |
| Application of intracellular recording and staining techniques in the morphological and physiological studies of honeybee brain neurons |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 细胞内记录和染色 蜜蜂 神经元 视觉 嗅觉 机械振动 |
| 英文关键词:Intracellular recording and staining honeybee neuron vision olfaction mechanical vibration |
| 基金项目:黔植保所自立项目（[2024]2号）；江西省自然科学基金项目（20242BAB25352）；贵州省农业生物安全全省重点实验室（黔科合ZSYS[2025]024）；贵州省科研机构创新能力建设专项资金资助项目（黔科合服企[2023]011） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 细胞内记录与染色技术是研究神经元形态和功能的一种关键技术，在解析动物脑神经元如何编码环境信息方面发挥了重要作用。本综述系统介绍该技术在蜜蜂脑内神经元形态和生理反应研究中的应用，以期为国内学者开展相关研究提供参考。首先介绍了该技术在蜜蜂视觉研究中的应用成果，包括不同受体神经元及中间神经元对紫外、蓝、绿光的色觉响应特性，视觉系统中对运动方向敏感神经元的类型及响应机制，并解析了蜜蜂单眼中L神经元的结构和功能。其次，应用该技术在蜜蜂机械振动感受中发现了几类重要的感知振动启停和持续时长的神经元，特别是一类准确计算振动脉冲次数的神经元被认为是蜜蜂识别摇摆舞持续时间重要神经元。最后，通过细胞内记录与染色技术分析了脑内触角叶局部中间神经元和投射神经元对气味信息的响应差异，并解析了神经元对气味混合物的编码方式。尽管该技术具有高时空分辨率，但受制于单通道记录和染色成功率低的限制，未来可利用更加先进的成像技术和人工智能控制手段来提升记录的质量与稳定性，推动该技术在昆虫神经网络功能研究的更广泛应用。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Intracellular recording and staining is a key technique for investigating the morphology and function of neurons, playing an important role in elucidating how animal brain neurons encode environmental information. This review systematically summarizes the application of this technique in studies of neuronal morphology and physiological responses in the honeybee brain, providing a reference for related research in China. First, we outline its application in honeybee vision research, including the chromatic response properties of different receptor and interneurons to ultraviolet, blue, and green light; the types and response mechanisms of motion-direction-sensitive neurons in the visual system; and the structure and function of L-neurons in the ocelli. Second, we describe its use in studying honeybee mechanosensory vibration detection, which has identified several neuron types sensitive to vibration onset, offset, and duration. In particular, one class of neurons capable of accurately counting vibration pulses is considered critical for recognizing waggle dance duration. Finally, we summarize findings from analyses of local interneurons and projection neurons in the antennal lobe, highlighting their differential responses to odor stimuli and the coding strategies for odor mixtures. Although this technique offers high temporal and spatial resolution, its limitations include single-channel recording and low staining success rates. Future advances in imaging technologies and AI-based control may improve recording quality and stability, promoting its broader application in the functional study of insect neural networks. |
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