《环境昆虫学报》

酱香大曲是一种多菌多酶制品，其生产过程中吸引了大量的昆虫取食。这些昆虫如何适应这种多菌多酶环境，其肠道微生物群落的基础尚待深入研究。本研究利用Illumina MiSeq技术探究了酱香大曲中两种重要昆虫——长头谷盗Latheticus oryzae和谷蠹Rhizopertha dominica的肠道菌群结构。通过对16S rDNA的V3-V4区序列进行测序。结果显示，长头谷盗和谷蠹的肠道中分别鉴定出3 652和1 808个扩增子序列变体（Amplicon Sequence Variant，ASV），其中共有ASV为372个。这些ASV被注释到27个门，以变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门为优势菌门。长头谷盗的主要菌群为罗尔斯通菌属Ralstonia、拟杆菌属Bacteroides、乳杆菌属Latilactobacillus、鞘氨醇单胞菌属Sphingomonas和艾克曼菌属Akkermansia，而谷蠹则以Candidatus Sulcia、罗尔斯通菌属Ralstonia、苍白杆菌属Ochrobactrum和unidentified_Blattabacteriaceae为主。Alpha多样性分析表明两种昆虫的肠道细菌在Chao1和Observed_species指数上存在显著差异，但Simpson和Shannon指数并无明显区别。此外，PICRUSt2（Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States）细菌功能预测分析表明，两种昆虫肠道细菌在萜类和聚酮类化合物代谢（Metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides）、脂质代谢（Lipid metabolism）、多糖生物合成和代谢（Glycan biosynthesis and metabolism）、化学结构转化图谱（Chemical structure transformation maps）和细胞群落-原核生物（Cellular community-prokaryotes）丰度上存在显著差异。本研究为理解酱香大曲中的昆虫如何适应多菌多酶环境提供了新的视角，并为基于肠道微生物组的大曲害虫管理策略提供了理论依据。

英文摘要:

Sauce-flavored Daqu is a complex product characterized by the presence of multiple microbes and enzymes, which attracts numerous insects during its production process. The mechanisms by which these insects adapt to such a diverse microbial and enzymatic environment, as well as the underlying structure of their gut microbial communities, warrant further comprehensive investigation. This study employed Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology to examine the gut microbiota composition of two key insect species associated with Daqu, namely Latheticus oryzae and Rhizopertha dominica. Specifically, the V3-V4 regions of the 16S rDNA were sequenced. The analysis revealed the presence of 3652 and 1808 Amplicon Sequence Variants (ASVs) in the gut microbiota of L. oryzae and R. dominica, respectively, with 372 ASVs shared between the two species. These ASVs were classified into 27 different phyla, with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidota being the predominant phyla. In L. oryzae, the principal bacterial genera identified were Ralstonia, Bacteroides, Latilactobacillus, Sphingomonas, and Akkermansia, whereas in R. dominica, the dominant genera included Candidatus Sulcia, Ralstonia, Ochrobactrum, and unidentified_Blattabacteriaceae. Alpha diversity analysis revealed significant differences in the Chao1 and Observed_species indices between the gut microbiota of the two insect species, while no significant differences were observed in the Simpson and Shannon indices. Moreover, functional prediction analysis of bacterial communities using PICRUSt2 (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) demonstrated significant differences in the metabolism of terpenoids and polyketides, lipid metabolism, glycan biosynthesis and metabolism, chemical structure transformation maps, and the abundance of cellular community - prokaryotes between the gut bacteria of the two insect species. This study offers a novel perspective on how insects in sauce-flavor Daqu adapt to a complex microbial and enzymatic environment and provides a theoretical foundation for Daqu pest management strategies informed by gut microbiome research.

View Full Text View/Add Comment Download reader