《环境昆虫学报》

性比是影响昆虫成虫寿命和繁殖力的重要因素之一。本研究按雌雄比为1﹕11、2﹕10、6﹕6、10﹕2、11﹕1 5种性比组合将瓜实蝇Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett)雌雄成虫进行配对，通过对雌虫交配后的产卵量、卵孵化率、产卵历期、雌雄虫寿命等生物学指标观察，揭示不同性比对瓜实蝇成虫交配与繁殖的影响。结果表明，雌雄虫交配次数受性比影响显著，随雌虫比例增加，雌虫平均交配次数显著降低，雄虫交配次数呈现增加趋势，其中11﹕1处理中雄虫的平均交配次数最多，为10.8次。另外，性比对平均单雌产卵量、产卵历期影响不显著，但对子代卵孵化率有显著影响，偏雌与偏雄都不利于卵的孵化，性比为6﹕6时，卵孵化率最高，为74.6% ± 1.6%。性比对雌虫寿命的影响无显著差异，但对雄虫寿命的影响显著，随雌虫比例增加，雄虫寿命减少。性比对成虫交配能力和繁殖适合度均存在一定的影响。上述结果为进一步开展瓜实蝇的绿色综合防控技术研究提供科学依据。

英文摘要:

Sex ratio is one of the important factors affecting insects longevity and fecundity. In this experiment, the females and males of Bactrocera cucurbitae(Coquillett) were paired according to five sex ratio combinations (1﹕11, 2﹕10, 6﹕6, 10﹕2, 11﹕1). The effects of different sex ratios on the mating and reproduction of B. cucurbitae were studied by observing the biological parameters such as the average eggs per female, hatching rate, oviposition duration, and longevity of males and females. The results showed that the mating times of males and females were significantly affected by sex ratio. As the proportion of females increased, the average mating times of females decreased significantly, whereas that of males showed an increasing trend. The average mating times of male in 11﹕1 was the highest, which was 10.8 times. In addition, the sex ratio had no significant effect on the average number of eggs laid per female or oviposition duration, but significantly influenced the hatching rate. Both female-biased and male-biased sex ratios were not conducive to the hatching rate. When the sex ratio was 6﹕6, the hatching rate was the highest, which was 74.6% ± 1.6%. Sex ratio did not significantly affect female longevity but had a significant impact on male longevity. With the increase of female proportion, male longevity decreased. Sex ratio significantly influences the mating ability and reproductive fitness of adults. . The above results provide a scientific basis for further research on green integrated pest management strategies for B. cucurbitae.

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