《环境昆虫学报》

筛选测定方法是开发红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren驱避剂的重要环节，目前尚缺乏针对攻击水平较高的红火蚁驱避活性的测定方法。本研究利用自主研发的一种Y型驱避测定尺监测了红火蚁工蚁的活动规律，对比了裸型和绷带型Y型驱避测定尺对攀爬红火蚁工蚁数量的影响，并测定了避蚊胺对红火蚁工蚁的驱避活性。结果表明：Y型驱避测定尺的侧臂长度与红火蚁工蚁的密度呈负相关，选择侧臂长度11 cm的Y型驱避测定尺用于驱避活性测定。室内红火蚁工蚁受惊扰后75 s内数量涨幅较大，而田间红火蚁工蚁受扰动后30 s时数量可达到峰值，裸型和绷带型Y型驱避测定尺的工蚁数量在不同时间点上均无显著性差异（P > 0.05）。避蚊胺对红火蚁的驱避效果显著，随着处理浓度上升，驱避率和有效驱避时间也随之提高，裸型和绷带型Y型驱避测定尺分别在5.0%和10.0%浓度时的驱避率达到100%，当避蚊胺浓度为5.0%时，裸型尺和绷带型尺的有效驱避时间分别可达198.16 min、228.14 min。本研究设计并优化的Y型驱避测定尺可直接测定化合物对惊扰状态下红火蚁的驱避活性，为红火蚁驱避剂的筛选与评价提供了一种新方法，同时也为红火蚁个体防护剂的研发提供了技术支撑。

英文摘要:

Screening and testing methods plays a crucial role in developing effective repellents against the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren. Currently it lacks reliable methods for evaluating repellent activity against S. invicta with a high attack level. In this study, a self-developed Y-type repellent measuring ruler was used to monitor the activity patterns of S. invicta workers. The effects of naked-arm and bandaged-arm of Y-type repellent measuring ruler on the number of climbing workers were compared. Additionally, the repellent activity of DEET (N,N-diethyl-meta-toluamide) against S. invicta workers was measured. The results indicated that the arm length of the Y-type measuring ruler was negatively correlated with the density of S. invicta, and a Y-type repellent measuring ruler with an arm length of 11 cm was selected for subsequent repellent testing. Under laboratory conditions, the number of S. invicta workers increased significantly within 75 s after being disturbed; while in the field, the number of S. invicta workers peakedat 30 s after being disturbed. There was no significant difference in the number of workers between the naked and bandaged Y-type repellent measuring rulers at different time points (P > 0.05). DEET exhibited significant repellency against S. invicta workers, with both the repellent rates and effective repellency durations exhibiting a positive correlation with treatment concentration. The repellent rates of the naked and bandaged Y-type measuring rulers reached 100% at concentrations of 5.0% and 10.0%, respectively. When the DEET concentration was 5.0%, the effective repellency durations of the naked and bandage measuring rulers were 198.16 min and 228.14 min, respectively. The Y-type repellent measuring ruler designed and optimized in this study can directly determine the repellent activity of compounds against S. invicta under disturbed conditions. It provides a new method for screening and evaluation S. invicta repellent agents, and also offers technical support for the development of individual protective agents against this invasive ant species.

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