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| 7种榕属植物叶片的理化性质及对朱红毛斑蛾生长发育的影响 |
| Physicochemical properties of leaves from seven Ficus species and its effects on the growth and development of Phauda flammans (Lepidoptera: Phaudidae) |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 榕属植物 朱红毛斑蛾 寄主偏好性 理化性质 生命表 |
| 英文关键词:Ficus species Phauda flammans host preference physicochemical properties life table |
| 基金项目:广西自然科学基金（2014GXNSFBA118065） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探究相较于其余5种榕属植物，朱红毛斑蛾Phauda flammans偏好小叶榕Ficus concinna及垂叶榕F.benjamina的原因。本文通过测量比较7种常用的园林绿化榕属植物营养物质、次生代谢物质以及物理性状，采用室内饲养观察与调查统计的方法评估朱红毛斑蛾在小叶榕和垂叶榕上的发育历期和种群生命表参数。结果发现，与黄葛树、无花果、对叶榕、高山榕和印度榕相比，小叶榕和垂叶榕叶片可溶性糖含量分别为98.47 μg/g与65.21 μg/g；可溶性蛋白含量分别为4.18 mg/g与0.95 mg/g；含水量分别为0.84%与0.95%；叶片厚度分别为3.59 mm与2.65 mm；硬度分别为3.91 mN与3.49 mN；朱红毛斑蛾仅在小叶榕和垂叶榕上能完成生活史；与垂叶榕相比，取食小叶榕后的幼虫、蛹和成虫的生长发育历期更短，分别为50.25 d、11.48 d和4.28 d，种群存活率和繁殖率更高，且自然死亡排除控制指数为1.68，低于垂叶榕。说明小叶榕和垂叶榕叶片含有较高的营养物质、较低含量的次生代谢物质、较小的叶片硬度，导致朱红毛斑蛾偏好小叶榕和垂叶榕，并能完成生活史。因此在基于榕树植物的园林绿化造景过程中，应注意树种的搭配，降低朱红毛斑蛾对城市园林景观和生态效益的影响。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To explore the preference of Phauda flammans to Ficus concinna and F. benjamina in comparison of other five Ficus species. In this study by measuring and comparing the nutrients, secondary metabolites and physical properties of seven commonly used landscaping Ficus trees, the developmental history of P. flammans on F. concinna and F. benjamina was evaluated by the methods of indoor feeding observation, survey statistics and population life table parameters. The results indicated that compared with F. virens, F. carica, F. hispida, F. altissima and F. elastica, the soluble sugar content in leaves of F. concinna and F. benjamina were 98.47 μg/g and 65.21 μg/g respectively. Soluble protein content was 4.18 mg/g and 0.95 mg/g respectively; The water content was 0.84% and 0.95% respectively. The blade thickness was 3.59 mm and 2.65 mm， respectively. The hardness was 3.91 mN and 3.49 mN respectively. P. flammans could complete its life history only on F. concinna and F. benjamina. Compared with F. benjamina, the growth and development duration of larvae, pupae and adults was shorter, which was 50.25 d, 11.48 d and 4.28 d respectively, after feeding F. concinna. The population survival rate and reproduction rate were higher, and the natural death exclusion control index was 1.68, which was lower than that of F. benjamina. Our findings showed that P. flammans larvae preferred to F. concinna and F. benjamina and could complete generation development, which could attribute to leaves that contained higher nutrients, lower secondary metabolites, and smaller leaf hardness. Strategy should be deployed in alternative plantation of different Ficus trees in the same landscape according to the preference of P. flammans, thereby minimizing its infestation and improving the ecological benefits of urban vegetation. |
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