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| 冬虫夏草产区土壤特征和微生物组成分析 |
| Analysis of the specificity soil characteristics and microbial composition in Ophiocordyceps sinensis |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 冬虫夏草 生态系统的多功能性 生物多样性 土壤微生物 |
| 英文关键词:Ophiocordyceps sinensis ecosystem multifunctionality biodiversity soil microorganisms |
| 基金项目:重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项（CSTB2022TIAD-GPX0067）；重庆市社会事业与民生保障科技创新专项（cstc2017shmsA130117）；重庆市自然科学基金面上项目（cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0762）；重庆市科研机构绩效激励引导专项（cstc2022jxjl120034）；重庆英才计划2022年度创新创业领军人才项目 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 冬虫夏草Ophiocordyceps sinensis是我国珍稀濒危药材，具有严格的分布区域，而特定的生态系统更是冬虫夏草资源生长条件苛刻的重要因素。本研究采集11个冬虫夏草主产区的土样，测定土壤理化性质与菌群结构及其对冬虫夏草产量的影响并对关键因子进行验证。结果表明：（1）各产区土壤N、P、K、pH、EC和H2O等参数差异不显著，土壤微生物群落中以酸杆菌门Acidobacteria（28.6%~36.5%）、变形菌门Proteobacteria（21.5%~32.2%）为主要优势菌门，且土壤氮元素含量与变形菌门和硝化菌门Nitrospirae的菌群丰度正相关（0.665和0.668）。（2）对影响虫草产量的关键因子拆分，己科河菌门Rokubacteria及酸杆菌门分别提供了0.2620和0.0986的贡献度。（3）通过对己科河菌门菌群功能分析，合成抗生素是其核心功能，功能表达丰度最高可达28%。（4）进一步对富含己科河菌门的土样中含有的病原菌鉴定，被孢霉属Mortierella链格孢属Alternaria等丰度分别降低了0.054和0.002，踏查样区（25 m×25 m）内虫草产量也可达到31根。综上，冬虫夏草产区之间的生境参数虽然具有相似性，但在富含己科河菌门的土壤中，病原菌种类及丰度呈现下降趋势，推测对虫草产出有重要贡献。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a rare and endangered Chinese medicinal component with a strict distribution. The functional ecology of a specific ecosystem is an important factor that affects the distribution of O. sinensis. In this study, we collected soil samples from 11 areas on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau where O. sinensis grows to determine the soil element composition and microbial population. The correlation between each measured parameter and the yield of O. sinensis were analyzed to predict the key factors. The results showed that there was no significant difference in soil parameters such as N, P, K, pH, EC, and H2O among different production areas. In these areas, the dominant bacteria isolated from the soil were Acidobacteria (28.6%~36.5%) and Proteobacteria (21.5%~32.2%), soil nitrogen content was positively correlated with the abundance of Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae (0.665 and 0.668）. In the main microbial population, key microorganisms Rokubacteria and Acidobacteria contribute to the yield of O. sinensis reached 0.2620 and 0.0986, respectively. Analysis of the Rokubacteria revealed that antibiotic synthesis was a core function, with up to 28% of its expression abundance. As for antibacterial function tests of soil samples enriched with Rokubacteria showed a reduction in Mortierella and Alternaria, resulting in 31 O. sinensis being collected within this survey sample (25 m×25 m）. In summary, although the soil physical and chemical properties of O. sinensis areas are similar, but the key Rokubacteria flora among them are able to reduce disease incidence and suggesting an important contribution to O. sinensis production. |
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