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| 橡胶干旱胁迫对东方真叶螨发育和繁殖的影响 |
| Effects of drought-stressed rubber plants on the development and reproduction of Eotetranychus orientalis |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 东方真叶螨 干旱 发育 繁殖 年龄-阶段两性生命表 |
| 英文关键词:Eotetranychus orientalis drought stress development reproduction age-stage, two-sex life table |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发专项（2020YFD1000600）；天然橡胶产业技术体系虫害防控岗位（CARS-33-BC2）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（1630042017009） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | LIU Ya, ZHENG Li-Jiu, CHEN Jun-Yu, ZHANG Fang-Ping, FU Yue-Guan | 1. College of Plant Protection, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
2. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
3. Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science/Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Tropical Grops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Hainan Key Laboratory for Monitoring and Control of Tropical Agricultural Pests, Haikou 571101, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究通过明确寄主植物橡胶受干旱胁迫对重要害螨东方真叶螨Eotetranychus orientalis发育和繁殖的影响，为该螨成灾预警及有效防治提供科学依据。本试验在温度30℃±1℃、相对湿度75%±5%和光周期14 L∶10 D的人工气候室条件下，观察了寄主植物橡胶盆栽植株在重度干旱（30%≤土壤含水量W<40%）、中度干旱（40%≤W<50%）和轻度干旱（50%≤W<60%）3种干旱程度胁迫和对照处理（正常土壤墒情60%≤W<80%）条件下东方真叶螨的个体发育历期、寿命、存活和繁殖情况，组建年龄-阶段两性生命表。结果显示，干旱胁迫处理植株的东方真叶螨卵期、幼螨期、前若螨期、后若螨期及成熟前期的发育历期均短于对照处理的，但成螨寿命长于对照处理的，雌螨产卵量大于对照，并且随着干旱程度的加重其发育历期随之缩短、成螨寿命随之延长和产卵量随之增加。该螨实验种群的内禀增长率γ、周限增长率λ和净增值率R0在重度干旱胁迫植株上的为最大，显著高于轻度干旱胁迫及对照处理植株的种群，东方真叶螨在重度、中度、轻度干旱胁迫和对照处理的内禀增长率γ分别为0.147、0.125、0.106和0.075，周限增长率λ分别为1.158、1.133、1.112和1.078，净增值率R0分别为9.02、6.17、4.58和3.23。采用TIMING-MSChart模拟预测东方真叶螨40 d的种群动态，结果显示重度干旱处理的种群增长速度最快，对照处理最慢。东方真叶螨的个体发育、繁殖和实验种群增长受寄主干旱胁迫的影响，重度干旱对东方真叶螨的个体发育、繁殖及实验种群增长最有利。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the development and reproduction of Eotetranychus orientalis on drought-stressed rubber plants, aiming at providing a scientific basis for pre-warning and effective control of E. orientalis outbreak. In this study, the individual development period, life span, survival and reproduction of E. orientalis on high drought stressed (30%≤W<40%), moderate drought stressed (40%≤W<50%), mild drought stressed (50%≤W<60%)and control treated plants (60%≤W<80%)were observed under the conditions of 30°C±1°C, 75%±5% RH and 14 L∶10 D photoperiod in artificial climate chambers, and the age-stage, two-sex life table was established. The results showed that the developmental durations of egg, larvae, protonymph, deutonymph and pre-adult stages of E. orientalis on drought-stressed rubber plants was shorter than those on control plants, and the adult longevity was longer and fecundity of females were higher on drought-stressed plants than those on control treated plants. The intrinsic rate of increase(γ), finite rate of increase(λ)and net reproductive rate(R0)of E. orientalis on drought-stressed plants increased along with the rise of drought-stress degree. The γ value on high drought stressed, moderate drought stressed, mild drought stressed and control treated plants were 0.147, 0.125, 0.106 and 0.075, and the λ and R0 value were 1.158, 1.133, 1.112, 1.078, and 9.020, 6.170, 4.580, 3.230， respectively. The population characteristic parameters of E. orientalis on high drought-stressed plants were significantly higher than those on mild drought-stressed and control treated plants. The population dynamics of E. orientalis in 40 days was simulated with TIMING-MSChart software. The results showed that the population growth rate was the fastest on high drought-stressed plants and the slowest on control treated plants. The individual development, reproduction and population growth of E. orientalis were affected by drought-stressed rubber plants, and high drought stress were the most beneficial to the development, reproduction and the population growth of E. orientalis. |
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