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| 中华蜜蜂越冬期抗寒生理生化指标研究 |
| Study on physiological and biochemical indexes of cold resistance of Apis cerana cerana during overwintering period |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 中华蜜蜂 越冬 生理特性 抗氧化 活框饲养 原始饲养 |
| 英文关键词:Apis cerana cerana overwintering physiological characteristics antioxidant system movable-frame breeding primitive breeding |
| 基金项目:金华市农业研究计划项目（2018-2-002）；国家现代农业产业技术体系（CARS-44-SYZ7） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文研究活框饲养和原始饲养中华蜜蜂Apis cerana cerana Fabricius越冬期的抗寒生理生化指标变化，为中蜂抗寒生理机制和科学饲养管理提供理论依据。结果表明，两种饲养方式蜜蜂的体重、蛋白质和甘油含量均由越冬初期开始上升，越冬中后期达到最高而后下降；游离水和糖原含量均在越冬中后期出现下降；除原始饲养中蜂的CAT酶外，两种饲养方式中蜂的越冬期超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和过氧化物酶（POD）酶活均在越冬中期降到最低，而总抗氧化能力呈逐渐升高趋势。但活框饲养中蜂越冬期游离水（P<0.05）和糖原含量（P>0.05）均低于原始饲养中蜂，甘油含量显著高于原始饲养中蜂（P<0.05）；活框饲养中蜂与原始饲养中蜂的3种抗氧化酶活性在不同时期存在显著差异，活框饲养中蜂总抗氧化能力显著高于原始饲养中蜂（P<0.05）。蜜蜂在自然越冬时通过降低体内游离水含量，增加甘油含量来增加抗寒能力，并贮备大量糖原和蛋白质供越冬期能量消耗；同时，其体内的抗氧化酶在越冬期间发挥协同作用，减少低温刺激造成的氧化应激反应。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The objective of this research was to study physiological and biochemical indexes of cold resistance of Apis cerana cerana in primitive breeding and movable-frame breeding methods during the overwintering period, which could provide theoretical basis for physiological mechanism of cold resistance and scientific breeding management of A. cerana cerana. The results showed that the content of fresh weight, protein and glycerol in two rearing methods increased from the early overwintering period and reached the highest level in the middle and late overwintering period and then decreased. The content of free water and glycogen decreased in the middle and late period of overwintering. The activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）, catalase(CAT) and peroxidase(POD) decreased to the lowest in the middle of overwintering period, while the total antioxidant capacity increased gradually, except for the CAT enzyme in primitive breeding honeybee. The free water (P<0.05) and glycogen content (P>0.05) of movable-frame breeding honeybee was lower than that of primitive breeding honeybee, while the glycerol content was significantly higher than that of primitive breeding honeybee (P<0.05). There were significant differences in the activities of SOD, CAT and POD between movable-frame breeding honeybee and primitive breeding honeybee in different stage. The total antioxidant capacity of movable-frame breeding honeybee was significantly higher than primitive breeding honeybee (P<0.05). During the natural overwintering period, honeybee increased cold resistance by reducing the content of free water and increasing the content of glycerol, and meanwhile stored a large amount of glycogen and protein for energy consumption. At the same time, antioxidant enzymes played a synergistic role in reducing the oxidative stress response caused by low temperature stimulation during the overwintering peirod. |
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