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| 三种杀虫剂对昆虫病原线虫侵染臭椿沟眶象幼虫能力的影响 |
| Impacts of three chemical pesticides on infectivity of entomopathogenic nematode against Eucryptorrhynchus brandti |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 臭椿沟眶象 3龄幼虫 昆虫病原线虫 杀虫剂 |
| 英文关键词:Eucryptorrhynchus brandti 3 rd instar larvae entomopathogenic nematodes pesticides |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划生物安全关键技术研发重点专项（2018YFC1200400）；国家自然科学基金（31770691） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 昆虫病原线虫在20世纪初后已发展成为生物防治领域研究热点之一，作为生防制剂被广泛使用，且可与杀虫剂混用。臭椿沟眶象Eucryptorrhynchus brandti是重要的林木蛀干害虫，对宁夏农田防护林主要树种臭椿Ailanthus altissima造成严重危害。目前臭椿沟眶象的主要防治方法之一是化学防治，但效果不理想。为了降低对臭椿沟眶象幼虫的农药使用剂量并提高防治效果，须筛选与昆虫病原线虫混用适合的杀虫剂。本研究测试了4.5%氯氰菊酯乳油、10%吡虫啉可溶液剂、5%啶虫脒乳油对小卷蛾斯氏线虫Steinernema carpocapsae All、长尾斯氏线虫Steinernema longicaudum X-7存活以及侵染率的影响，以筛选对臭椿沟眶象3龄幼虫致死效果好、能与昆虫病原线虫混用的杀虫剂和混用配比。结果表明，3种杀虫剂对2种线虫的存活均无亚致死作用；吡虫啉对2种线虫的致死率无明显影响；不同浓度的氯氰菊酯和啶虫脒对2种线虫的致死率存在显著差异，其中有效成分为88.97 μg/mL、17.79 μg/mL的氯氰菊酯和有效成分为307.89 μg/mL、61.58 μg/mL的啶虫脒对2种线虫的致死率均显著高于对照。3种药剂与X-7、All混用对臭椿沟眶象3龄幼虫均表现为增效或叠加作用，其中有效成分为8.89 μg/mL的氯氰菊酯和有效成分为7.67 μg/mL的吡虫啉与线虫X-7混用对臭椿沟眶象3龄幼虫表现出增效作用，致死率分别为41.67%、54.17%，其它浓度和其它药剂与2种线虫混用的各处理均表现为叠加作用。该结果为进一步利用昆虫病原线虫开展野外防治试验奠定了基础。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Entomopathogenic nematodes have been widely used as biological control agents since early 20 th century. Eucryptorrhynchus brandti is an important forest pest, which causes serious damage to the main tree species, Ailanthus altissima, of the farmland shelter forest in Ningxia. Chemical control is one of the main methods used to prevent and control E. brandti, but the effect is poor. In order to improve the control efficacy against the larvae of E. Brandti, compatility of three chemical pesticides with entomopathogenic nematodes were studied. The effects of 4.5% cypermethrin oil, 10% imidacloprid solution and 5% acetamiprid oil on the survival and infection rates of Steinernema carpocapsae All and Steinernema longicaudum X-7 were tested. Results showed that three pesticides had no sub-lethal effect on the entomopathogenic nematodes. There was no significant effect of imidacloprid on the mortality of the two nematodes. The active ingredient of cypermethrin at 88.97 μg/mL and 307.89 μg/mL, acetamiprid at 17.79 μg/mL and 61.58 μg/mL caused significantly higher mortality of the nematodes when compared with the control. All diffferent pesticide-nematode combinations showed additive or synergistic interaction against the 3 rd instar larvae of E. brandti. Synergistic effect was found in the combination of imidacloprid at 8.89 μg/mL and cypermethrin at 7.67 μg/mL with S. longicaudum X-7, with larval mortality of 41.67% and 54.17%, respectively. The results provide basis for further field experiments to evaluate the efficacy of combination of entomopathogenic nematode with chemical pesticides to control E. brandti. |
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