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| 常用杀虫剂噻虫嗪及其4种混配制剂对中华蜜蜂的生存风险分析 |
| Survivalrisk analysis of Chinese honeybee worker (Apis cerana cerana) exposed to thiamethoxam and its mixtures |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 噻虫嗪 混配制剂 中华蜜蜂 死亡率 生存风险 |
| 英文关键词:Thiamethoxam mixtures Apis cerana cerana mortality survival risk |
| 基金项目:国家蜂产业技术体系建设专项（CARS-44-SYZ13,CARS-44-KXJ10）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金（1630042019023）；海南省科协青创项目（QCXM201712） |
| Author Name | Affiliation | | HAN Wen-Su, YUAN Zhong-Hua, GAO Jing-Lin, ZHAO Dong-Xiang, WANG Shi-Jie, ZHAO Shan, ZHONG Yi-Hai | 1. Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
2. Environment and Plant Protection College, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
3. Bee Industry Technology Research Center, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 噻虫嗪及其混配制剂是防治刺吸式口器害虫的常用药剂，但对中华蜜蜂的生存风险尚未明确。在实验室条件下通过模拟中华蜜蜂授粉期间农药暴露的3种方式（蜂体接触、取食接触、植株接触），评估了噻虫嗪及其4种混配制剂，在田间最高推荐剂量下对中华蜜蜂采集蜂的毒性。结果表明，无论哪种暴露方式，噻虫嗪及其混配制剂均显著影响中华蜜蜂采集蜂的生存，且噻虫嗪混配制剂毒性高于单剂。在直接喷洒蜂体处理中，25%噻虫嗪·异丙威可湿性粉剂表现出最高毒性，其致死中时间（LT50值）为1.23 h；在摄入和接触植株残留处理中，40%氯虫·噻虫嗪水分散粒剂和25%噻虫嗪·异丙威可湿性粉剂均表现出最高毒性，LT50值分别为2.09、6.75 h和2.15、6.77 h。在3种暴露方式下，25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂的LT 50值分别为6.50、17.24和8.90 h，明显低于对照。因此建议蜜蜂授粉期间禁止施用噻虫嗪及其混配制剂，为更好地推进蜜蜂授粉与绿色防控技术的研究与示范提供安全保障。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Thiamethoxam and its mixtures have been common used primarily to control piercing sucking pest, but the survival risk of Apis cerana cerana exposed to thiamethoxam and its mixtures remained poorly understood. This study aimed at evaluating the toxicity of thiamethoxam and its mixtures at the highest dosages recommended by the manufactures on forager bees of A. cerana cerana under laboratory conditions. Three ways of exposure were used: direct spraying, feeding with insecticide contaminated diet, and contact with sprayed melon plants. Results indicated that, regardless of how the forager bees were exposed to insecticides, thiamethoxam and its mixtures had significant influence on the survival of the forager bees, and the toxicity of thiamethoxam mixtures were higher than that of single. Among the direct spraying tests, 25% thiamethoxam·isoprocarb wettable powders had the highest toxicity with the LT50 of 1.23 h Among feeding with insecticide contaminated diet and contact with sprayed plants tests, both 40% chlorantranilioprole·thiamethoxam water dispersible granule and 25% thiamethoxam·isoprocarb wettable powders showed the highest toxicity, the LT50 were 2.09, 6.75 h and 2.15, 6.77 h, respectively. Under the three ways of exposure, the LT50 of 25% thiamethoxam water dispersible granule was 6.50, 17.24 and 8.90 h respectively, which was significantly lower than that of the control. Hence, the thiamethoxam or its mixtures spraying on crops during bees pollination period should be prohibited. It will be better to provide security protection for promoting research and demonstration of bees pollination and green control techniques. |
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