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| 山西省太谷区灯诱昆虫种群的动态监测与多样性分析 |
| Dynamic monitoring and biodiversity analysis of light-trapped insect population in Taigu District of Shanxi Province |
| 投稿时间：2024-04-24 修订日期：2024-06-04 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 虫情测报灯 高空诱虫灯 种群动态 优势种 害虫监测 物种多样性 |
| 英文关键词:Pest forecasting lamp high-altitude trap lamp population dynamics dominant species pest monitoring insect species diversity |
| 基金项目:国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-28-19)；国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD1401404-3)；山西省科技创新人才团队(领军)专项计划(202304051001006) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确山西省晋中市太谷区农田昆虫种类、物种多样性,以对当地制定农业害虫防治方案提供基础数据指导。本研究利用虫情测报灯和高空诱虫灯对当地昆虫的种类和数量进行了周年监测。结果表明,俩种灯诱设备共诱集到昆虫33 957头,隶属于11目47科217种。其中农业害虫32 221头,分属4目29科196种,天敌昆虫1 569头,分属5目9科12种,益害比1:20.5。鳞翅目和鞘翅目昆虫是物种数最丰富的俩大类群,其个体总数分别占总诱捕量的87.4%和7.9%。丝棉木金星尺蛾Calospilos suspecta、槐尺蛾Semiothisa cinerearia、玉米螟Ostrinia furnacalis、旱柳原野螟Proteuclasta stotzneri、棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera、银锭夜蛾Macdunnoughia crassisigna、旋幽夜蛾Scotogramma trifolii、八字地老虎Agrotis c-nigrum、和棕色鳃金龟Holotrichia titanis为优势害虫,草蛉Chrysoperla sinica为优势天敌。相较于虫情测报灯,高空诱虫灯下能诱捕到更多的昆虫种类和数量,对当地优势种的发生期预测更为精准,丝棉木金星尺蛾发生期在7月-8月下旬；槐尺蛾的发生期在6月-8月下旬；玉米螟发生期在6-7月和8-9月；旱柳原野螟发生期为7月上旬-8月上旬；棉铃虫三个发生期包括6月中旬-7月、8月-9月和9月中旬-9月下旬；银锭夜蛾的发生期为4月-4月下旬、5月中旬-6月、6月中旬-7月和7月中旬-8月；旋幽夜蛾的主要发生期为4月中旬、6月中旬和8月中旬；八字地老虎发生期在5-6月；棕色鳃金龟的发生期为6月中旬-7月上旬；中华草蛉发生期在6-7月。本研究结果明确了太谷区灯下昆虫群落组成和优势种昆虫的发生规律，为当地昆虫群落多样性调查与害虫综合治理提供理论依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to clarify the species number and species diversity of farmland insect in Taigu District of Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province, and to provide basic data guidance for the local formulation of agricultural pest control programs. In this study, the insect species amount and number were monitored annually by using insect forecast lamp and high-altitude trap lamp. The results showed that a total of 33 957 insects were trapped by the two light traps, belonging to 11 orders, 47 families and 217 species. There were 32 221 agricultural pests, belonging to 196 species, 29 families and 4 orders, and 1 569 insect natural enemies, belonging to 12 species, 9 families and 5 orders, with a benefit-harm ratio of 1 : 20.5. Lepidoptera and Coleoptera were the most abundant groups, accounting for 87.4 % and 7.9% of the total trapped insects, respectively. Calospilos suspecta, Semiothisa cinerearia, Pyrausta nubilalis, Proteuclasta stotzneri, Helicoverpa armigera, Macdunnoughia crassisigna, Scotogramma trifolii, Xestia c-nigrum, and Holotrichia titanis were identified as the dominant pests, and Chrysoperla sinica was identified as the dominant natural enemy. Comparing to the insect forecast lamp, the high-altitude trap lamp showed higher trapping efficiency, and could more precisely be used to forecast the occurrence period of the dominant insect species. The occurrence period of Calospilos suspecta is from July to late August; the occurrence period of Semiothisa cinerearia is from June to late August; the occurrence period of Ostrinia furnacalis is from June to July and from August to September; the occurrence period of Proteuclasta stotzneri is from early July to early August; the three occurrence periods of Helicoverpa armigera include mid-June to July, August to September and mid-September to late September; the occurrence periods of Macdunnoughia crassisigna were from April to late April, from mid-May to June, from mid-June to July and from mid-July to August; the main occurrence periods of Scotogramma trifolii were mid-April, mid-June and mid-August; the occurrence period of Agrotis c-nigrum is from May to June; the occurrence period of Holotrichia titanis is from mid-June to early July; the occurrence period of Chrysoperla sinica is from June to July.The results of this study clarified the composition of the insect community under the lamp and the occurrence law of the dominant species of insects in the Taigu area, and provided a theoretical basis for the investigation of the diversity of the local insect community and Integrated Pest Management. |
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