《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位	地址
岳阳	上海海洋大学水产与生命学院	上海市奉贤区金齐路1000号10号楼
蒋杰贤	上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所
张彤瑶	上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所
季香云	上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所
张浩^*	上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所	上海市奉贤区金齐路1000号10号楼

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中文摘要:

为探究取食不同品种的玉米对草地贪夜蛾生长发育、繁殖，以及对淡足侧沟茧蜂寄生草地贪夜蛾的影响，本研究测定了取食3个鲜食玉米品种（申科甜糯99、申科糯602、申科甜811）、1个普通玉米品种（郑单958）和人工饲料对草地贪夜蛾发育历期、卵粒数、卵孵化率、成虫寿命等生理指标的影响，统计了淡足侧沟茧蜂对取食不同品种玉米的草地贪夜蛾的寄生率、出茧率、出蜂率等指标。结果显示：取食不同品种玉米和饲料能够显著影响草地贪夜蛾成虫的产卵粒数、成虫寿命，以及幼虫的存活率和发育历期（P<0.05）。取食3个鲜食玉米品种的草地贪夜蛾产卵更多，幼虫存活率更高，发育历期更短。其中取食申科糯602的草地贪夜蛾成虫产卵粒数最多（1 420.78粒），幼虫存活率最高（82.33%），幼虫发育历期也最短（15.77 d）。淡足侧沟茧蜂对取食不同品种玉米和饲料的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生率和出茧率也存在显著差异（P<0.05）。其中，对取食普通玉米的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生率（64.18%）高于3个鲜食玉米品种的寄生率（48.78~54.75%），对取食人工饲料的草地贪夜蛾幼虫的寄生率最低（39.41%）。出茧率较高的为取食人工饲料和普通玉米的草地贪夜蛾幼虫（74.80%和72.53%），取食鲜食玉米的较低（48.39~55.49%）。以上结果表明了草地贪夜蛾在鲜食玉米上生长发育相对更好、繁殖能力也更强。淡足侧沟茧蜂对取食普通玉米的草地贪夜蛾的寄生效果好于取食鲜食玉米的夜蛾幼虫，因此在鲜食玉米种植区利用淡足侧沟茧蜂防控草地贪夜蛾时，应适当提高该寄生蜂的释放量或者释放次数，以保证其防治效果。

英文摘要:

To investigate the impact of feeding on different maize varieties on the growth, development, and reproduction of Spodoptera frugiperda, as well as on the infestation of S. frugiperda by Microplitis pallidipes, the impact of feeding on three varieties of fresh maize (Shenketiannuo 99, Shenkenuo 602, Shengketian 811), a common maize variety (Zhengdan 958) and artificial diet on the developmental period, egg production, hatching rate, and adult lifespan of S. frugiperda was assessed. The parasitism rate, cocoon emergence rate, and wasp emergence rate of M. pallidipes on S. frugiperda feeding on different varieties of corn were also quantified. The results showed that the number of eggs laid, the life span of adult moths, and the survival rate and development time of larvae of S. frugiperda were significantly impacted by the diet comprising different corn varieties (P<0.05). Generally, S. frugiperda feeding on fresh corn exhibited a higher oviposition rate, increased larval survival rate, and shorter developmental period. Among the S. frugiperda, those fed on Shenkenuo 602 exhibited the highest fecundity (1 420.78 eggs), larval survival rate (82.33%), and shortest larval development period (15.77 days). Significant variations were also observed in parasitization and cocoon emergence rates of S. frugiperda larvae feeding on different maize varieties and forage (P<0.05). Specifically, the parasitization rate of larvae feeding on common maize was higher (64.18%) compared to fresh corn varieties (48.78~54.75%), while larvae feeding on artificial diet exhibited the lowest parasitization rate (39.41%). Cocoon emergence rates were higher in S. frugiperda larvae feeding on artificial diet and common maize (74.80% and 72.53%, respectively) but lower in those feeding on fresh corn varieties (48.39~55.49%). The results suggest that S. frugiperda thrive better on fresh corn and are less affected by parasitoids. Therefore, increasing the release of parasitoids is recommended to control S. frugiperda infestation in fresh corn planting areas.

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