《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
徐紫刚，李传仁，王嘉鑫，余鹏，肖云丽，傅悦	1. 黄冈师范学院生物与农业资源学院，湖北黄冈 438000；2. 长江大学农学院，湖北荆州 434000；3. 湖北大学生命科学学院，武汉 430000

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中文摘要:

大别山地区动植物资源丰富，但摇蚊科昆虫还尚未见系统报道。通过对大别山地区不同生境及海拔下的摇蚊进行采集，经研究得出4亚科37属131种，摇蚊亚科Chironominae 17属83种，直突摇蚊亚科Orthocladiinae 14属 38种，长足摇蚊亚科Tanypodinae 5属9种，寡角摇蚊亚科Diamesinae 1属1种。其中，中国新纪录种18种。采用Menhinick丰富度指数进行丰富度分析，摇蚊亚科中多足摇蚊属Polypedilum丰富度指数最高（m=2.25），直突摇蚊亚科中趋流摇蚊属Rheocricotopus丰富度指数最高（m=2.33）。在不同生境下摇蚊种类有着明显的差异，摇蚊亚科、直突摇蚊亚科在山间溪流生境下种类分布最多。采用Mcnaughton优势度指数对摇蚊优势度进行分析，城市湖泊生境中，中国长足摇蚊Tanypus chinensis Wang和暗绿二叉摇蚊Dicrotendipes pelochloris (Kieffer)为绝对优势种，台湾短须摇蚊Nilodorum tainanus (Kieffer)、德永雕翅摇蚊Glyptotendipes tokunagai Sasa和平铗枝角摇蚊Cladopelma edwardsi (Kruseman)为优势种。在村庄农田中，花翅摇蚊Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga为绝对优势种，平铗枝角摇蚊、Polypedilum kyotoense (Tokunaga)和台湾短须摇蚊为优势种。在坑塘生境下，林间环足摇蚊Cricotopus sylvestris (Fabricius)为绝对优势种，蚊型前突摇蚊Procladius culiciformis (Linnaeus)、中国长足摇蚊和花翅摇蚊为优势种。在山间溪流生境下，双斑环足摇蚊Cricotopus bimaculatus Tokunaga和Lipiniella fujiprimus (Sasa)为优势种。随着海拔的升高摇蚊的种类会随之下降，特别是摇蚊亚科和长足摇蚊亚科表现明显。根据世界陆地动物地理分区，大别山地区摇蚊以古北+东洋种类为主；根据世界淡水动物地理区域划分，大别山摇蚊种类主要分布在中印区，占75.7%，其次是中印区+全北区；中印区中，以东亚亚区较多，共计39种，占52.7%，说明大别山地区摇蚊种类分布存在明显的集中性。本研究丰富了该地区摇蚊科昆虫的多样性，为大别山地区水质监测和生态环境研究提供了重要依据。

英文摘要:

The Dabie Mountain region is rich in fauna and flora resources, but there have been no systematic reports on Chironomidae insects. Through collection and study of Chironomids in different habitats and altitudes in the Dabie Mountains, a total of 131 species from 37 genera belonging to 4 subfamilies were identified. Among them, 83 species from 17 genera of Chironominae, 38 species from 14 genera of Orthocladiinae, 9 species from 5 genera of Tanypodinae, 1 genus and 1 species of Diamenine. It was worth noting that among these species, 18 of them were newly recorded in China. Using the Menhinick richness index for richness analysis, the subfamily Chironominae showed the highest richness index for the genus Polypedilum (m=2.25), while the subfamily Orthocladiinae showed the highest richness index for the genus Rheocricotopus (m=2.33). There were significant differences in chironomid species in different habitats, with the subfamily Chironominae and the subfamily Orthocladiinae being the most diverse in mountain stream habitats. Using the Mcnaughton dominance index, the dominance of mosquitoes was analyzed in different habitats. In urban lake habitats, Tanypus chinensis Wang and Dicrotendipes pelochloris (Kieffer) were the absolute dominant species, while Nilodorum tainanus (Kieffer), Glyptotendipes tokunagai Sasa, and Cladopelma edwardsi (Kruseman) were the dominant species. In village farmland habitats, Chironomus kiiensis Tokunaga was the absolute dominant species, while C. edwardsi, Polypedilum kyotoense (Tokunaga), and N. tainanus were the dominant species. In pond habitats, Cricotopus sylvestris (Fabricius) was the absolute dominant species, while Procladius culiciformis (Linnaeus), T. chinensis, and C. kiiensis were the dominant species. In the mountain stream habitat, Cricotopus bimaculatus Tokunaga and Lipiniella fujiprimus (Sasa) were the dominant species. The species of chironomid will decrease with the increase of altitude, particularly in the subfamily Chironominae and the subfamily Tanypodinae. According to the geographical division of land animals in the world, the chironomids in the Dabie Mountains were dominated by Palaearctic+Oriental, accounting for 75.7%. According to the geographical division of freshwater animals in the world, chironomid species in the Dabie Mountains were mainly distributed in Sino-Indian region, accounting for 75.7%, followed by the Sino-Indian+ Holarctic region. In Sino-Indian region, there were more species in East Asia subregion, 39 species accounting for 52.7%, this showed that the distribution of chironomid species in Dabie Mountains was obviously concentrated. This study enriched the diversity of Chironomidae insects in the region, providing important basis for water quality monitoring and ecological environment research in the Dabie Mountains.

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