| 韩冬银，李磊，牛黎明，张方平，陈俊谕，叶政培，王建赟，符悦冠,2023,芒果花果期蓟马群落结构变化[J].环境昆虫学报,(6):1570-1578 |
| 芒果花果期蓟马群落结构变化 |
| Changes of community structure of thrips during mango fruiting period |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 蓟马 群落结构 芒果 花果期 |
| 英文关键词:Thrips community structure mango flowering and fruiting stages |
| 基金项目:海南省基金（320RC693）；中国热带农业科学院“揭榜挂帅”项目(16300420022007）；中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项资金（1630042021014） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为了解芒果花果期蓟马群落结构的变化情况，用拍打法定期定点监测了海南省乐东、东方和儋州三地不同果园内花果期蓟马种类及其数量的变化情况，为芒果园蓟马的监测与适时防控提供数据支撑。三地共采集到2科8属18种蓟马，其中儋州果园的蓟马物种丰富度最高（16种），乐东和东方分别为11种和9种；茶黄蓟马Scirtothrips dorsalis、花蓟马Frankliniella intonsa及黄胸蓟马Thrips hawaiiensis为海南芒果园普遍发生的恒有种。乐东、东方及儋州三地果园蓟马群落的多样性指数(H′)分别为1.153、0.834和1.371，均匀度指数分别为0.481、0.379和0.494，表明不同种类数量分布不均一，其中优势种花蓟马在群落中的数量较大。三地果园花期不同阶段芒果植株上的蓟马种类数及虫口数均表现为花穗初抽期少，随着花穗抽长蓟马种类数及虫口数均逐渐增加，至盛花或谢花期种类数达最多，其中儋州盛花期种类多达13种；座果后，特别是小果期种类数及虫口数均迅速下降。成虫与若虫在种群中的占比随芒果花期的发展有明显变化，三地果园总体变化趋势相似，表现为花穗初抽期以成虫为主，占种群总量的比例达95.0%~100%；随着花穗抽长，成虫占比逐渐下降，至谢花或座果期达最低，随后再升高。芒果花期不同阶段若虫占比与该阶段至座果期所需时间呈显著正相关。本研究明确了海南不同地区芒果园的蓟马种类，以茶黄蓟马、花蓟马及黄胸蓟马为海南普遍发生的恒有种。芒果花果期蓟马群落结构的多样性指数(H′)以儋州最高，为1.371。花穗抽长期蓟马开始迁入果园，其种类数及虫口数均逐渐增加，至盛花或谢花期种类数达最多；座果后，蓟马开始迁出。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In order to understand the changes of community structure of thrips during mango flowering and fruit stage. We regularly monitored the changes of thrips species and quantity in different orchards of Ledong, Dongfang and Danzhou in Hainan Province by beat method, so as to provide data support for monitoring and timely control of thrips in mango orchard. A total of 18 species of thrips belonging to 8 genera and 2 families were collected in the three areas. The species richness of thrips was highest in Danzhou orchard (16 species), 11 species in Ledong and 9 species in Dongfang. Among them, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Frankliniella intonsa and Thrips hawaiilensis were constant species in Hainan. The diversity index (H′) of thrips communities in Ledong, Dongfang and Danzhou were 1.153, 0.834 and 1.371, respectively, and the evenness index (J) was 0.481, 0.379 and 0.494, respectively, indicating that the distribution of different species was uneven, and the dominant species F. intonsa had a large population in the community. The number of thrips and populations on mango plants at different flowering stages in the three orchards showed that the number of thrips and populations on mango plants was low at the early inflorescence stage, and increased gradually with the growth of inflorescence stage, reaching the maximum at peak flowering stage or flower-fading stage, among which the number of species at peak flowering stage in Danzhou reached 13, the number of species and populations decreased rapidly after fruit setting stage, especially in fruiting stage. The proportion of adults and nymphs in community structure was changed significantly with the development of mango flowering period. The overall trend of change was similar in the three orchards, showing that adults were dominant in the early inflorescence stages, accounting for 95.0%~100% of the total community, with the inflorescence stages, the proportion of adult decreased gradually, reached the lowest at the stage of flower-fading and fruit setting, and then increased. There was a significant positive correlation between the nymphs proportion at different flowering stages and the time from this stage to fruiting stage. The species of thrips in mango orchards in different areas of hainan were identified, and S. dorsalis, F. intonsa and T. hawaiiensis were common persistent species. The community structure diversity index (H′) was the highest in Danzhou, which was 1.371. Thrips began to move into orchards during flowering period, and the number of species and populations increased gradually, reaching the maximum at flowering or fading stage. After fruiting, thrips began to migrate, and the number of species and populations declined rapidly. |
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