| 喻芳，张越，杨佳鹏，杨洪，张晓敏，胡大鸣，王燕,2023,球孢白僵菌对象虫金小蜂安全性评价和亚致死效应研究[J].环境昆虫学报,45(5):1425-1436 |
| 球孢白僵菌对象虫金小蜂安全性评价和亚致死效应研究 |
| Study on safety evaluation and sublethal effect of Beauveria bassiana to Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard) |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 球孢白僵菌 象虫金小蜂 烟草甲 亚致死效应 生命表 |
| 英文关键词:Beauveria bassiana Anisopteromalus calandrae Lasioderma serricorne sublethal effect life table |
| 基金项目:贵州中烟工业有限责任公司计划项目([2017]25)；贵州省高层次创新型人才培养计划-“百”层次人才(黔科合平台人才[2020]6003) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为明确球孢白僵菌Beauveria bassiana对烟草甲Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius)幼虫、成虫的致病力以及对象虫金小蜂Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard)的安全性，本研究采用浸渍法测定球孢白僵菌对烟草甲和象虫金小蜂的LC10、LC25、LC50，以球孢白僵菌亚致死浓度LC10和LC25胁迫象虫金小蜂成虫后，分析其F1代实验种群生存、发育和繁殖的变化。结果表明：(1)在1×109孢子/mL的球孢白僵菌浓度下，烟草甲幼虫的致死率可达到92.62%，烟草甲成虫的致死率为100.00%，象虫金小蜂成虫的致死率可达98.73%，亚致死浓度LC10和LC25分别为2.125×10^5和7.114×10^5孢子/mL。(2)受LC10和LC25胁迫处理象虫金小蜂成虫后，与对照相比，其F1代产卵期由20.14 d缩短至16.5 d，成虫寿命由27.86 d缩短至19.67 d，产卵量由114.25粒减少至74.86粒，成虫前期由19.65 d延长至20.40 d，以上指标均差异显著。(3)受LC10和LC25浓度胁迫处理后，与对照相比，象虫金小蜂F0和F1代种群生存曲线均明显降低，F1代雌蜂产卵高峰期与对照(12 d)相比，分别延后至28 d和20 d，F1代种群的内禀增长率rm由0.0972降低至0.0755，净增值率R0由35.5200降低至14.1552，而种群倍增时间Dt延长2.0497 d。综上，球孢白僵菌对烟草甲和象虫金小蜂均有较高致病力，亚致死浓度球孢白僵菌胁迫对象虫金小蜂F1代成虫的生长发育、繁殖力和成虫寿命均具有负面效应，且会抑制象虫金小蜂种群增长。因此，建议释放象虫金小蜂防治烟草甲时避免同时使用球孢白僵菌喷雾防治烟仓害虫。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this study, in order to determine Beauveria bassiana to the larvae and adults of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius) and the safety on Anisopteromalus calandrae (Howard), the LC10, LC25 and LC50 of B. bassiana to L. serricorne and A. calandrae were determined by insect-dipping test. After A. calandrae adults were treated with the sublethal concentrations（LC 10 and LC25）of B. bassiana, the changes of survival, development and reproduction of F1 experimental population were analyzed. The results showed that: (1) At the concentration of 1 ×10^9 spores/mL of B. bassiana, the mortality of L. serricorne larvae could reach 92.62%, the mortality of L. serricorne adults could reach 100.00%, the mortality of adult A. calandrae could reach 98.73%, and the sublethal concentrations of LC10 and LC25 were, 2.125×10^5 and 7.114×10^5 spores/mL respectively. (2) After being stressed by LC10 and LC25 concentrations, compared with the control, the oviposition period of F1 generation of A. calandrae was shortened from 20.14 d to 16.5 d, the life span of adults was shortened from 27.86 d to 19.67 d, the number of eggs laid was reduced from 114.25 to 74.86, and the preadult period was extended from 19.65 d to 20.40 d. The above indicators showed significant differences. (3) After being treated with LC10 and LC25 concentrations, compared with the control, the survival curves of the F0 and F1 populations of A. calandrae were significantly reduced. Compared with the control (12 d), the peak spawning period of the F1 female of A. calandrae was postponed to 28 d and 20 d, respectively. The intrinsic growth rate (rm) of the F1 population of A. calandrae was reduced from 0.0972 to 0.0755, the net value-added rate (R0) was reduced from 35.5200 to 14.1552, and the population doubling time (Dt) was extended by 2.0497 d. In conclusion, B. bassiana had high pathogenicity to L. serricorne and A. calandrae. The sublethal concentration of B. bassiana stress had negative effects on the growth and development, fecundity and adult longevity of F1 generation of A. calandrae, and would inhibit the population growth of A. calandrae. Therefore, it was suggested that the use of B. bassiana spraying to control tobacco pests should be avoided a peak of occurrence of A. calandrae. |
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