| 袁国军，焦艳红，陈玮歌，艾园园，朱雨行，卢绍辉,2023,河南伏牛山区核桃举肢蛾生活史及防治药剂筛选[J].环境昆虫学报,(2):528-535 |
| 河南伏牛山区核桃举肢蛾生活史及防治药剂筛选 |
| Life history of Atrijuglans hetaohei Yang and screening of control agents in Funiu Mountain Area, Henan Province |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 核桃举肢蛾 生活史 药剂筛选 农药残留 |
| 英文关键词:Atrijuglans hetaohei Yang life history drug screening pesticide residue |
| 基金项目:生态保护体系-林业有害生物防治（221612014） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 河南伏牛山区地理和气候环境独特，核桃Juglans regia L.栽植面积较大，但是核桃举肢蛾Atrijuglans hetaohei Yang的危害严重制约着当地核桃产业的发展。为了绿色防控核桃举肢蛾，本研究利用生态学手段调查了伏牛山区核桃举肢蛾的年生活史和发生规律，对包括苏云金杆菌在内的11种药剂的防治效果进行了比较，并检测了该地区核桃的农药残留，以期为伏牛山区核桃绿色生产提供理论和实践基础。结果表明核桃举肢蛾在河南伏牛山区1年发生2代，越冬代成虫发生期为6月上旬至6月下旬，其中6月中旬为核桃举肢蛾越冬代成虫发生盛期；第1代卵孵化盛期为6月底至7月上旬；第1代幼虫盛发期在7月中旬；第2代卵期为7月下旬至8月中旬，8月中旬为第2代幼虫危害盛期，第2代成虫期为7月中旬至8月上旬。核桃举肢蛾的成虫羽化盛期至初孵幼虫期为最佳防治时期，药剂筛选试验表明：8 000 IU/mL苏云金杆菌悬浮剂使用剂量为稀释750倍液，喷雾防治效果最好为93.62%，与25%噻虫嗪水分散粒剂使用剂量为稀释7 500倍液喷雾防治效果（91.49%）相当。农药残留检测表明：核桃果仁注干吡虫啉残留较高，但灌根未检出，检测果仁没有发现常用药剂高效氯氟氰菊酯残留或残留较低不能检测出来。以上结果表明，河南伏牛山区每年6月中旬至7月中旬，选择苏云金杆菌和噻虫嗪进行防治，不仅对核桃举肢蛾有较好的防治效果，而且可以逐步减少或淘汰农药残留量较大的化学药剂，逐步实现解决大宗经济林有害生物新模式。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| It is unique in geographical and climatic environment about Funiu Mountain Area of Henan Province, walnut planting area is large, but the harm of A.hetaohei seriously restricts the development of local walnut industry. In order to prevent and control A.hetaohei in this area, this paper first investigated the annual life history and occurrence regularity of A.hetaohei in Funiu Mountain Area by ecological means, and compared the control effects of 11 kinds of insecticides including Bacillus thuringiensis. Finally, we detected the pesticide residues in walnut in this area. It provided theoretical and practical basis for walnut green and production in Funiu Mountain Area. The results show that there were two generations of the overwintering generation in Funiu Mountain Area, Henan Province. The period of adult of the overwintering generation was from early June to late June, and the middle of June was the peak occurrence period of it. The hatching peak occurrence period of the first generation of eggs was from late June to early July. The peak period of larvae were from in mid-July. The egg period of the second generation was from late July to mid-August, and the peak period of damage of the second generation larvae was in the middle of August. The adult period of the second generation was from mid-July to early August, and the best control period was from the adult eclosion stage to the newly hatched larva stage. The results of drug screening test showed that the best control effect of 8 000 IU/mL microliter B.thuringiensis suspension with 750 times of dilution was 93.62%, which was similar to that of 25% thiamethoxam water dispersion with 7 500 times of dilution (91.49%). Pesticide residue detection showed that: Imidacloprid Residue was high in nut injection, but not detected in root irrigation. Beta cyhalothrin, a commonly used insecticide, was detected in Funiu Mountain Area, and no residue or low residue could not be detected in nut. The above results showed that the Funiu Mountain Area in the middle of June to mid-july each year, choice of B.thuringiensis and thiamethoxam lamictal for prevention and control, not only can have on walnut for A.hetaohei better control effect, and can gradually reduce or eliminate pesticide residues larger chemicals, gradually achieve new mode to solve major economic forest pest. |
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