| 刘雅，郑丽旧，陈俊谕，张方平，符悦冠,2023,橡胶干旱胁迫对东方真叶螨发育和繁殖的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,45(1):83-92 |
| 橡胶干旱胁迫对东方真叶螨发育和繁殖的影响 |
| Effects of drought-stressed rubber plants on the development and reproduction of Eotetranychus orientalis |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 东方真叶螨 干旱 发育 繁殖 年龄-阶段两性生命表 |
| 英文关键词:Eotetranychus orientalis drought stress development reproduction age-stage, two-sex life table |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发专项（2020YFD1000600）；天然橡胶产业技术体系虫害防控岗位（CARS-33-BC2）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项（1630042017009） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本研究通过明确寄主植物橡胶受干旱胁迫对重要害螨东方真叶螨Eotetranychus orientalis发育和繁殖的影响，为该螨成灾预警及有效防治提供科学依据。本试验在温度30℃±1℃、相对湿度75%±5%和光周期14 L∶10 D的人工气候室条件下，观察了寄主植物橡胶盆栽植株在重度干旱（30%≤土壤含水量W<40%）、中度干旱（40%≤W<50%）和轻度干旱（50%≤W<60%）3种干旱程度胁迫和对照处理（正常土壤墒情60%≤W<80%）条件下东方真叶螨的个体发育历期、寿命、存活和繁殖情况，组建年龄-阶段两性生命表。结果显示，干旱胁迫处理植株的东方真叶螨卵期、幼螨期、前若螨期、后若螨期及成熟前期的发育历期均短于对照处理的，但成螨寿命长于对照处理的，雌螨产卵量大于对照，并且随着干旱程度的加重其发育历期随之缩短、成螨寿命随之延长和产卵量随之增加。该螨实验种群的内禀增长率γ、周限增长率λ和净增值率R0在重度干旱胁迫植株上的为最大，显著高于轻度干旱胁迫及对照处理植株的种群，东方真叶螨在重度、中度、轻度干旱胁迫和对照处理的内禀增长率γ分别为0.147、0.125、0.106和0.075，周限增长率λ分别为1.158、1.133、1.112和1.078，净增值率R0分别为9.02、6.17、4.58和3.23。采用TIMING-MSChart模拟预测东方真叶螨40 d的种群动态，结果显示重度干旱处理的种群增长速度最快，对照处理最慢。东方真叶螨的个体发育、繁殖和实验种群增长受寄主干旱胁迫的影响，重度干旱对东方真叶螨的个体发育、繁殖及实验种群增长最有利。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| To clarify the development and reproduction of Eotetranychus orientalis on drought-stressed rubber plants, aiming at providing a scientific basis for pre-warning and effective control of E. orientalis outbreak. In this study, the individual development period, life span, survival and reproduction of E. orientalis on high drought stressed (30%≤W<40%), moderate drought stressed (40%≤W<50%), mild drought stressed (50%≤W<60%)and control treated plants (60%≤W<80%)were observed under the conditions of 30°C±1°C, 75%±5% RH and 14 L∶10 D photoperiod in artificial climate chambers, and the age-stage, two-sex life table was established. The results showed that the developmental durations of egg, larvae, protonymph, deutonymph and pre-adult stages of E. orientalis on drought-stressed rubber plants was shorter than those on control plants, and the adult longevity was longer and fecundity of females were higher on drought-stressed plants than those on control treated plants. The intrinsic rate of increase(γ), finite rate of increase(λ)and net reproductive rate(R0)of E. orientalis on drought-stressed plants increased along with the rise of drought-stress degree. The γ value on high drought stressed, moderate drought stressed, mild drought stressed and control treated plants were 0.147, 0.125, 0.106 and 0.075, and the λ and R0 value were 1.158, 1.133, 1.112, 1.078, and 9.020, 6.170, 4.580, 3.230， respectively. The population characteristic parameters of E. orientalis on high drought-stressed plants were significantly higher than those on mild drought-stressed and control treated plants. The population dynamics of E. orientalis in 40 days was simulated with TIMING-MSChart software. The results showed that the population growth rate was the fastest on high drought-stressed plants and the slowest on control treated plants. The individual development, reproduction and population growth of E. orientalis were affected by drought-stressed rubber plants, and high drought stress were the most beneficial to the development, reproduction and the population growth of E. orientalis. |
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