| 戴爱梅，丁志梅，张海军，陈先荣，戴秋萍,2022,印楝素与脂肪酸甲酯联合使用对豆蚜的防治效果[J].环境昆虫学报,(5):1301-1307 |
| 印楝素与脂肪酸甲酯联合使用对豆蚜的防治效果 |
| Evaluation of the control effect of azadirachtin and fatty acid methyl ester spray adjuvant on Aphis craccivora (Koch) |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 豇豆 蚜虫 印楝素 脂肪酸甲酯 助剂 防效 |
| 英文关键词:Cowpeas Aphis craccivora (Koch) azadirachtin Fatty Acid Methyl Ester auxiliaries control effects |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区教育厅项目（XJZJKT-2019Y17）；广东省现代农业产业共性关键技术研发创新团队建设项目（2022KJ134） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文对新疆博州豇豆豆蚜Aphis craccivora (Koch)田间消长规律进行调查，研究了0.3%印楝素与脂肪酸甲酯喷雾助剂联合对豆蚜的防治效果，并对豆蚜天敌消退率进行了调查。结果表明，在博州，豆蚜以卵在苦豆子和苜蓿上越冬，3月下旬至4月初开始孵化，5月上中旬出现有翅蚜在杂草上繁殖蔓延，5月中旬开始迁入棉花上危害，6月中旬陆续迁入豇豆上危害，7月上中旬在豇豆上达到危害高峰时期，7月中下旬慢慢迁入苜蓿地，9月中旬出现性蚜，9月下旬-10月中旬在苜蓿和杂草上产卵越冬。施药后1 d，20%啶虫脒可湿性粉剂1 000倍液对豆蚜的防效最高，达到82.91%; 施药后3 d，20%啶虫脒可湿性粉剂1 000倍液防效仍最高为97.92%；施药后7 d，0.3%印楝素乳油60 mL/667m2+脂肪酸甲酯喷雾助剂1 000倍液防效达97.38%，显著高于其他处理。总体来说，在豇豆豆蚜发生期施用1次0.3%印楝素+脂肪酸喷雾助剂防治豇豆豆蚜，防效好、持效期长，对豇豆及蚜虫天敌安全性较好。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| In this paper, we investigated the growth and decline of cowpea aphid Aphis craccivora(Koch) in Bozhou, Xinjiang, the control effect of 0.3% azadirachtin combined with fatty acid methyl ester spray adjuvant on cowpea aphid, and the extinction rate of natural enemies of cowpea aphid. The results showed that cowpea aphids overwintered as eggs on sophora alopecuroides and alfalfa in Bozhou, and hatched from late March to early April. In early and middle May, winged aphids appeared on weeds and spread. In mid-May, they began to migrate to cotton, and in mid-June, they gradually moved into cowpea. In early and middle July, cowpea reached the peak period of harm, and slowly moved into alfalfa in mid-late July. In mid-September, sexual aphids appeared, and oviposited on alfalfa and weeds from late September to mid-October. One day after application, 20% acetamiprid wettable powder 1 000 times had the highest control effect on cowpea aphid, reaching 82.91%. Three days after application, 20% acetamiprid wettable powder diluted 1 000 times still had the highest control effect of 97.92%. 7 days after application, the control effect of 0.3% azadirachtin EC 60 mL/667 m2+fatty acid methyl ester spray adjuvant 1 000 times liquid reached 97.38%, significantly higher than other treatments. In general, the application of 0.3% azadirachtin+fatty acid spray adjuvant once in the occurrence period of cowpea aphids had good control effect and long lasting effect. It is safe to cowpea and aphid natural enemies. |
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