| 杜文梅，陈杨博，蔡茁，王乐奇，刘行，阮长春，张俊杰,2022,环境条件对双叉犀金龟成虫存活及繁殖的影响[J].环境昆虫学报,(5):1264-1270 |
| 环境条件对双叉犀金龟成虫存活及繁殖的影响 |
| Effects of environmental conditions on survival and reproduction of Allomyrina dichotoma |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 双叉犀金龟 温度 菌糠含水量 寿命 子代数量 |
| 英文关键词:Allomyrina dichotoma temperature water content of spent mushroom substrates longevity number of offspring |
| 基金项目:吉林省科技发展计划技术攻关项目（20190303073SF）；2021年大学生创新创业项目（S202110193077） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 双叉犀金龟Allomyrina dichotoma是一种重要的森林资源昆虫，本文研究了环境温度（20℃、23℃、26℃、29℃、32℃）及菌糠含水量（35%、45%、55%、65%）对双叉犀金龟成虫寿命及子代数量的影响。结果表明，双叉犀金龟雌雄虫寿命均随温度的升高呈显著缩短，20℃~26℃下雌虫寿命在55~62 d之间，显著长于29℃~32℃处理；20℃~23℃下的雄虫寿命在33~48 d之间，显著长于26℃~32℃处理；环境温度及菌糠含水量均对双叉犀金龟成虫子代数量有显著影响，26℃时，4个菌糠含水量处理的平均子代数量为31.42 头/雌，显著高于其它温度处理，菌糠含水量55%~65%时，5个温度处理的平均子代数量为18.83~19.12 头/雌，显著高于其它菌糠含水量处理，其中以温度26℃、菌糠含水量55%处理的双叉犀金龟子代数量最高，达45.42 头/雌。各温度下双叉犀金龟繁殖子代数量均随时间的延长呈先上升后下降的趋势，各温度下产卵繁殖的高峰时间存在明显差异。在26℃时，双叉犀金龟各时间段子代数量均高于其它温度，在35~45 d时，达到产卵高峰期（12.33 头/雌），综合各指标，建议利用菌糠饲养双叉犀金龟时，其成虫最佳环境条件为26℃，菌糠含水量55%。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Allomyrina dichotoma is an important forest resource insect. The effects of environmental temperature(20℃, 23℃, 26℃, 29℃, 32℃) and bran moisture(35%, 45%, 55%, 65%) on the longevity of adult and the number of offspring of A. dichotoma were studied. The results showed that the longevity of male and female was significantly shortened with the increase of temperature. The longevity of female in the treatment of 20℃~26℃ ranged from 55 d to 62 d, which was significantly longer than that in the treatment of 29℃~32℃; The life span of males treated at 20℃~23℃ ranged from 33 d to 48 d, which was significantly longer than that treated at 26℃~32℃.Both the environmental temperature and bran moisture had significant effects on the offspring number of the adult A. dichotoma. At 26℃, the average offspring number of the four treatments with bran moisture was 31.42, which was significantly higher than that of other temperature treatments. When bran moisture was 55%~65%, the average offspring number of the five temperature treatments was 18.83~19.12, which was significantly higher than that of other treatments. Among them, at the temperature was 26℃ and bran moisture was 55%, the offspring of A. dichotoma was the highest, which was 45.42. The number of offspring of A. dichotoma increased first and then decreased with the extension of time at different temperatures, and the peak time of spawning was significantly different at different temperatures. At 26℃, the number of offspring of A. dichotoma was higher than that at other temperatures, and it reached the peak of oviposition(12.33) at 35~45 days. Based on all the indexes, it was suggested that the optimal environmental conditions for the adults of A. dichotoma fed with bran were 26℃, and bran moisture was 55%. |
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