《环境昆虫学报》

为探明桃蚜Myzus persicae体内微生物群落结构及其种类多样性，采用Illumina HiSeq二代测序技术检测桃蚜体内细菌16S rRNA基因和真菌ITS基因序列的方法，分析取食白菜Brassica pekinensis和甘蓝Brassica oleracea的无翅孤雌桃蚜成虫体内微生物群落结构及多样性。研究结果获得桃蚜体内细菌16S rDNA和真菌ITS1优质序列分别为473 750条和472 980条，并根据序列相似性对其进行聚类分析，分别获得959个和1 424个OTUs。基于OTUs分类结果，共注释鉴定细菌类群26个门、55个纲、128个目、227个科、419属、451种，真菌类群10个门、31个纲、77个目、172个科、343属、441种。其中，在门级水平上，取食白菜和甘蓝的桃蚜体内细菌类群均以变形菌门Proteobacteria内的细菌（占73.11%，80.10%）为优势菌；真菌类群均以子囊菌门Ascomycota真菌（占51.91%，50.98%）为优势菌。在属级水平上，取食白菜和甘蓝的桃蚜体内细菌均以布赫纳氏菌属Buchnera（占60.82%，56.11%）为优势属，而其次优势细菌属则分别为未培养的叶绿体菌Chloroplas（占2.84%）和立克次氏小体属Rickettsiella（占10.04%）；取食白菜的桃蚜体内真菌优势属为青霉属Penicillium（占5.15%），次优势菌属为被孢霉属Mortierella（占3.83%），而取食甘蓝的桃蚜体内真菌优势属为曲霉属Aspergillus（占3.93%），次优势菌属为被孢霉属Mortierella（占3.86%）。以上研究结果表明取食不同植物的桃蚜体内微生物群落结构和种类多样性存在一定差异。α多样性指数表明桃蚜体内微生物群落结构具有较高的丰富度和多样性。研究结果为进一步挖掘桃蚜体内关键微生物，并解析其生物学功能及其利用等方面奠定了重要基础。

英文摘要:

To clarify the microbial diversity and differences in adults of Myzus persicae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) fed on different diets, microbial community structures, predominant microbia on each taxonomic level and alpha diversity of the microbia of apterous adults fed on Brassica pekinensis and Brassica oleracea were analyzed on the basis of 16S rDNA and ITS1 fragments sequences which were obtained through Illumina HiSeq techniques. A total of 473 750 valid tags and 959 OTUs were obtained for bacteria of adult BPH，while the numbers of valid tags and OTUs for fungi were 472 980 and 1 424, respectively. The total OTUs of gut bacteria were annotated into 26 phyla, 55 classes, 128 orders, 227 families, 419 genera and 451 species, while the fungal OTUs were annotated into 10 phyla, 31 classes, 77 orders, 172 families, 343 genera and 441 species. At the phylum levels, the dominant bacteria was Proteobacteria (73.11%, 80.10%), while the dominant fungi with the highest abundance belonged to Ascomycota (51.91%, 50.98%). At the genus levels, the dominant bacteria with the highest abundance in aphid fed on B. pekinensis and B. oleracea were belonged to Buchnera (60.82%, 56.11%), and the second dominant genus of both diets were Chloroplast (2.84%) and Rickettsiella (10.04%), respectively. The dominant fungi with the highest abundance in aphid fed on B. pekinensis and B. oleracea were belonged to Penicillium (5.15%) and Aspergillus (3.93%), respectively. The second dominant genus of both diets was Mortierella (3.83%, 3.86%). The results indicated that the microbial community composition and diversity of M. persicae adults fed on different diets were different. The alpha diversity index showed that the microbial community in M. persicae adults had higher richness and diversity. This study provided an important foundation for further studies on the excavation and utilization of microbial resources for the biocontrol of M. persicae.

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