《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
孙艳超，寇弘儒，夏孟婧，董兆克，张志勇	1.北京农学院农业应用新技术北京市重点实验室，北京 102206；2.中国科学院农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室，北京 100101；3.青岛农业大学植物医学学院，山东青岛 266109）

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中文摘要:

为了进一步评估苹果园施用噻虫嗪的生态风险，本研究利用QuEChERS技术改进前处理方法检测噻虫嗪在苹果园土壤中的残留，并监测了其对蜘蛛目、鞘翅目、双翅目和弹尾目等节肢动物种群数量及多样性特征的影响。结果表明，噻虫嗪在土壤中的添加回收率为90.11%~95.03%，变异系数为3.4%~6.63%，最小检出量均为0.1 ng，最低检出质量浓度均为0.02 mg/L。该方法缩小取样体积、节约试剂，提高了工作效率，适用于苹果园土壤噻虫嗪残留分析。噻虫嗪施用后在苹果园土壤中能够快速消解，消解动态满足一级动力学方程C=2.3421e-0.11t，其半衰期为6.36 d。苹果园施用噻虫嗪防治苹果蚜虫类害虫，表土节肢动物代表类群的生物多样性指数短期内会受到影响而降低，28 d后趋于恢复；对土壤蜘蛛类、甲虫的种群数量在5 d内有显著抑制作用，对地表双翅目、弹尾目的种群数量抑制作用较小。

英文摘要:

In order to further evaluate the ecological risk of thiamethoxam spraying in apple orchard, this study used QuEChERS technology to improve the pretreatment method to detect thiamethoxam residue dynamic，and its side effect on soil arthropod populations and diversities such as Arachnid, Coleoptera, Diptera and Collembola. The results showed that the recovery rate of thiamethoxam in soil was 90.11%~95.03%, the coefficient of variation was 3.4%~6.63%, the LOD was 0.1 ng, and the LOQ was 0.02 mg/L.This method reduces the sampling volume, saves reagents, and improves work efficiency. It is suitable for thiamethoxam residue analysis in apple orchard soil. Thiamethoxam can be rapidly degraded in apple orchard soil after application, and the degradation dynamics satisfies the first-order kinetic equation C=2.3421e-0.11t, and its half-life is 6.36 d. The diversity and evenness index of arthropods significantly were reduced in a short period and they recovered 28 days after application when spraying thiamethoxam in apple orchard to against apple aphids. The populations of spiders and beetles were significantly inhibited within 5 days but less to the populations of Diptera and Collembola in the surface soil layer.

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