《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
陈亚丰，王甦，赵久然，任雯，石子，邸宁，金道超	1. 贵州大学昆虫研究所，贵州山地农业病虫害重点实验室，农业农村部贵阳作物有害生物科学观测实验站，贵阳 550025；2. 北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所，北京 100097；3. 北京市农林科学院玉米研究中心，玉米DNA指纹及分子育种北京市重点实验室，北京 100097

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中文摘要:

叶螨（Acari: Tetranychidae）危害是造成玉米减产的重要原因之一，其中二斑叶螨Tetranychus urticae Koch是我国玉米Zea mays L.生产中的主要害螨之一。抗螨玉米品种的选育是有效防治叶螨的途径之一。本研究以我国广泛种植的玉米杂交种京科968及其母本京724、父本京92，先玉335及其母本PH6WC、父本PH4CV为研究对象，比较了田间条件下二斑叶螨在不同玉米材料上的种群动态，探究了玉米叶片厚度和表皮毛密度与二斑叶螨抗性的相关性，旨在明确玉米叶片物理性状与其抗螨特性之间的关系。结果表明，京科968上的二斑叶螨种群密度显著低于先玉335。以日均二斑叶螨发生量为指标，对所试品种（系）的二斑叶螨抗性进行排序，其结果为：京92>京科968>PH4CV>京724>先玉335>PH6WC。日均二斑叶螨发生量与叶片表皮毛密度成显著正相关，与叶片厚度成显著负相关。此外,回归分析表明，表皮毛密度在玉米抗二斑叶螨中发挥更为重要的作用。从二斑叶螨防治角度考虑，生产上种植京科968能够较好的控制二斑叶螨为害。本研究揭示了玉米叶片物理性状在其抗螨性中的重要作用，为玉米抗螨品种的选育提供了一定的理论依据。

英文摘要:

Damage by spider mites (Acari: Tetranychidae)is one of the important causes of maize yield loss. Tetranychus urticae Koch is one of the main pest mites in maize production in China. The breeding of Zea mays L. varieties resistant to spider mites is one of the effective methods to reduce the loss. To clarify the relationship between the spider mite resistance of maize and leaf physical characters (leaf thickness and trichome density), the maize hybrid Jingke 968, which is a variety widely cultivated in China, and its female parent Jing 724 and male parent Jing 92, as well as the hybrid Xianyu 335 and its female parent PH6WC and male parent PH4CV were used as materials to determine the roles of these characters in against T. urticae. Firstly, the population dynamics of T. urticae on different maize materials were compared under field conditions. Then the correlations of the resistance to T. urticae in the maize with different leaf thicknesses and trichome densities were further studied. The results showed that T. urticae population density of Jingke 968 was significantly lower than that of Xianyu 335. The resistance of the six maize materials to T. urticae was as follows: Jing 92>Jingke 968>PH4CV>Jing 724>Xianyu 335>PH6WC according to its daily average amount. We also found that the daily average amount of T. urticae was positively correlated with trichome density, and was negatively correlated with leaf thickness. In addition, regression analyses showed that trichome density played an important role in maize resistance to T. urticae. From the view of managing T. urticae, Jingke 968 was proposed as a better variety to reduce T. urticae damage in the production. This study revealed that leaf physical characteristics of maize played an important role in spider mite resistance and provided a theoretical basis for the breeding of spider mite resistance of maize varieties.

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