《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
李志强，张东举，冉元，骆清兰，岳鑫璐，王磊，陆永跃	1.深圳市农业科技促进中心，广东深圳 518055；2. 华南农业大学植物保护学院，广州 510642

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中文摘要:

红火蚁Solenopsis invicta Buren是一种对人类健康、生态环境等具有严重危害的重大入侵害虫，毒饵诱杀是防控红火蚁的重要手段。在采用人工撒施方法时，如何避免药剂浪费或不足仍需研究。本文研究了红火蚁饵剂药瓶瓶盖出药量与瓶盖上孔洞直径、孔洞数量和施药方式的关系，为红火蚁饵剂施药装置选择合适的孔洞直径、孔洞数量和施药方式提供理论依据。研究发现，在倾倒施药处理下，孔洞直径为3.0、4.0、5.0、6.0和7.0 mm时，出药量与孔洞直径有显著的线性关系，线性方程依次为Z=0.02X-0.004、Z=0.007X-0.007、Z=0.015X-0.02、Z=0.026X+0.025和Z=0.097X-0.094（Z代表出药量，X代表孔洞数量），即孔洞越多，倾倒的出药量越多。施药方式为倾倒时，出药量与孔洞直径和孔洞数量有显著的线性关系，线性方程为Z=0.008X+0.106Y-0.464（Z代表出药量，X代表孔洞数量，Y代表孔洞直径），即出药量随孔洞数量或孔洞直径增加而增多。在撒播施药处理下，当孔洞直径为3.0 mm时，撒播的出药量与孔洞数量的线性关系不显著。当孔洞直径为4.0、5.0、6.0和7.0 mm时，出药量与孔洞直径和孔洞数量有显著的线性关系，线性方程依次为Z=0.006X+0.037、Z=0.013X+0.018、Z=0.02X+0.093、Z=0.06X+0.03（Z代表出药量，X代表孔洞数量），即孔洞越多，撒播的出药量越多；撒播的出药量与孔洞直径和孔洞数量有显著的线性关系，线性方程为Z=0.006X+0.087Y-0.335（Z代表出药量，X代表孔洞数量，Y代表孔洞直径），即出药量随着孔洞数量或孔洞直径增加而增多。因此，厂家可参考上述线性方程，根据产品有效剂量在毒饵瓶瓶盖上选择相应的孔洞直径和孔洞数量。

英文摘要:

Red imported fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren is a dangerous invasive species causing serious harm to human health, ecology, agriculture, and public safety. Toxic bait is an important method for S. invicta management, but it is still not addressed how to avoid over or insufficient dose of toxic baits in manual bait application. This paper studied on the effect of variation diameter and number of holes on cap of toxic bait bottle on delivery of toxic bait granules, and is trying to provided information on the bait bottle designed to delivery baits granules suitably. In bottle flip delivery mode, the output weight of toxic bait granules had a significant positive linear relationship with diameter of hole on bottle cap by using regression analysis, the linear equation is Z=0.02X-0.004, Z=0.007X-0.007, Z=0.015X-0.02, Z=0.026X+0.025, and Z=0.097X-0.094 when diameter of bottle cap is 3.0, 4.0, 5.0, 6.0 and 7.0 mm, respectively (Z means output weight of toxic bait granules, X means number of holes on bottle cap). The output weight of toxic bait granules also had a significant positive linear relationship with diameter and number of holes on bottle cap by using regression analysis, and the linear equation is Z=0.008X+0.106Y-0.464 (Z means output weight of toxic bait granules, X means number of holes on bottle cap, Y means diameter of holes on bottle cap). In spraying delivery mode, there is no significant correlation between output weight of toxic bait granules and diameter of hole on bottle cap when diameter of hole on bottle cap is 3.0 mm. When diameter of bottle cap is 4.0, 5.0, 6.0, and 7.0 mm, the output weight of toxic bait granules had a significant positive linear relationship with diameter of hole on bottle cap by using regression analysis, the linear equation is Z=0.006X+0.037, Z=0.013X+0.018, Z=0.02X+0.093, and Z=0.06X+0.03, respectively (Z means output weight of toxic bait granules, X means number of holes on bottle cap). The output weight of toxic bait granules also had a significant positive linear relationship with diameter and number of holes on bottle cap by using regression analysis, and the linear equation is Z=0.006X+0.087Y-0.335 (Z means output weight of toxic bait granules, X means number of holes on bottle cap, Y means diameter of holes on bottle cap). The results would provide the basis for designing diameter and number of holes on cap of toxic bait bottle following the linear equations.

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