《环境昆虫学报》

极端高温天气事件在高产作物种植区频繁发生，潜在影响了寄生蜂对害虫的防控能力。为明确短时极端高温对松毛虫赤眼蜂Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura成虫致死作用及子代发育适合度的影响，本研究模拟夏季田间最高气温，以42℃高温处理松毛虫赤眼蜂成蜂0.5 h和1 h，统计并观测了各处理条件下母代蜂致死率、繁殖力、子代蜂寿命、羽化率、性比和畸形率。结果显示：短时高温对松毛虫赤眼蜂有致死作用，表现为雌、雄蜂直接死亡及子代羽化率降低。42℃处理1 h，雌、雄蜂死亡率为40.28%和58.25%。短时极端高温导致松毛虫赤眼蜂子代适合度降低，表现为雌蜂寿命缩短、繁殖力下降，子代蜂畸形率增加及子代蜂雄性比上升。结果表明，短时极端高温对松毛虫赤眼蜂适合度产生负面影响，降低种群数量。本研究为夏季田间释放松毛虫赤眼蜂提供重要理论依据。

英文摘要:

Extreme heat events are occurring more frequently in the world’s most productive crop growing regions, and potentially affect the control efficacy of parasitoids against pests. To clarify the effects of short-term extreme heat on adult mortality and offspring fitness of Trichogramma dendrolimi Matsumura (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), we simulated extreme high temperature under fields conditions, T. dendrolimi females and males were exposed to 42℃ for 0.5 h or 1 h respectively. Adult mortality, fecundity, offspring emergence rate, offspring females’ lifespan, male ratio, and aberrantion rate were observed. The results showed: Adult mortality of short-term high temperature on T. dendrolimi were mainly reflected in the direct death of females or males and the decrease of offspring emergence rate. Mortality of females and males were 40.28% and 58.25% when they exposed to heat for 1 h. Short-term high temperature significantly affected offspring fitness. When females were exposed to 42℃, life span and fecundity of females were lower than those of the control group. When males were exposed to 42℃, male ratio of offsprings was significant higher than those of the control group. Our study showed that short-term extreme heat negatively affected fitness of T. dendrolimi, and may consequently reduce the population. This study provides an important theoretical basis for the field application of T. dendrolimi in summer.

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭