《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
徐长宝，谢戈亮，柯伟政，王潇潇，林雨晴，BEATTIE George A. C.，岑伊静	1. 华南农业大学园艺学院，广州 510642；2. 华南农业大学昆虫生态研究室/广东省生物农药创制与应用重点实验室，广州 510642；3. School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia

摘要点击次数: 511

全文下载次数: 882

中文摘要:

小贯小绿叶蝉Empoasca (Matsumurasca) onukii Matsuda是东亚茶树的重要害虫之一，目前在我国主要采用化学防治。本文研究一种 nC23 园艺用矿物油、加德士的D-C-Tron NR对其产卵和取食行为的影响，以及对其田间种群的控制效果，为在茶园使用矿物油替代化学农药进行防治提供依据。室内选择性试验结果表明，用矿物油150倍液、200倍液处理茶树离体嫩梢对小贯小绿叶蝉成虫都有显著的拒食和产卵忌避效果，第3天的拒食率分别为85.59％、89.17％，产卵忌避率分别为70.22％、91.5％，200倍液处理对若虫也有显著的驱避和拒食效果，第2天驱避率为81.96％，第3天拒食率为85.86％。田间试验结果表明，矿物油100倍液、200倍液、300倍液处理都显著降低小贯小绿叶蝉田间种群的虫口密度，其中100倍液和200倍液的防治效果无显著差异，处理后5 d若虫的校正减退率分别达89.13％、87.63％，成虫分别达87.58％、84.22％，都显著高于300倍液的防效。田间试验结果还表明，矿物油3个浓度处理后茶梢上的卵量显著减少，其中100倍液处理第7天的产卵忌避率最高，达80.86%，而各处理茶园蜘蛛的数量与对照相比都没有显著差异。另外，用矿物油200倍液喷施茶树后5 d、10 d采摘的茶芽制成绿茶，经感官评审与对照没有差异，说明矿物油对小贯小绿叶蝉具有较好的防治效果，而且对茶园蜘蛛安全，对茶叶感官品质没有影响，可以在小绿叶蝉防治中推广应用。

英文摘要:

Tea green leafhopper, Empoasca onukii Matsuda, is a serious pest of tea in East Asia. Synthetic pesticides are widely used for its control in commercial tea plantations in China. In this study, impacts of deposits of aqueous emulsions of an nC23 horticultural mineral oil, Caltex DC Tron NR, on feeding and oviposition on tea excised young shoots were determined in choice experiments in a laboratory. Impacts on field populations on the leafhopper and on tea sensory quality were determined in a tea plantation in Guangdong.Three day old deposits of 0.67% and 0.5% (v/v) oil significantly reduced feeding and oviposition in the laboratory study. On the 3rdday after treatment, feeding by adults was reduced by 85.59% and 89.17% respectively, and oviposition was reduced by 70.22% and 91.5%, respectively. Deposit of 0.5% oil also showed repellency and anti feeding effect on E. onukii nymphs. Two day old deposit reduced number of nymphs by 81.96%, and three day old deposits reduced nymphs feeding by 85.86%. Field applications of 0.33%, 0.5% and 1% sprays significantly reduced populations of E. onukii Concentrations of 0.5% and 1% were more effective than 0.33%. Corrected percent reductions in presence of nymphs on the 5th day were 87.63% and 89.13% for 0.5% and 1%, respectively. For adults they were 84.22% and 87.58%, respectively, five days after sprays were applied. Oviposition on sprayed buds was also significantly lower than on control (water) plants, and impacts of the oil sprays on spiders, the most important natural enemies of E. onukii in the tea plantation, were not significant compared with water control. Application of 0.5% oil had no effect on the flavour (sapor) of tea prepared from buds picked 5 and 10 days after application of sprays

查看全文查看/发表评论下载PDF阅读器

关闭