| 魏明峰，姚众，刘珍，范巧兰，吕贝贝，张丽萍,2020,高岭土颗粒涂布对中国梨喀木虱寄主选择、产卵的影响及应用效果[J].环境昆虫学报,(4):991-997 |
| 高岭土颗粒涂布对中国梨喀木虱寄主选择、产卵的影响及应用效果 |
| Effect of kaolin particle coating on host selection, oviposition of pear psylla Cacopsylla chinensis (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and its application efficacy |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 高岭土 颗粒涂布 中国梨喀木虱 寄主选择 产卵 |
| 英文关键词:Kaolin particle coating Cacopsylla chinensis host selection oviposition |
| 基金项目:山西省农业科学院特色攻关项目（YGG17049）；山西省重点研发计划项目（201903D211001-1） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 为探索可替代化学药剂防治中国梨喀木虱的措施，开展了高岭土颗粒涂布对其寄主选择、产卵影响及应用效果的研究。分别采用35%高岭土水溶液、清水对梨休眠枝和当年生枝叶进行喷雾涂布处理，于24、48、72、96 h监测选择条件下成虫分布情况，于96 h记录选择和非选择条件下各枝条上的卵量。采用高岭土水溶液对梨苗均匀喷雾涂布，通过被害叶率、单叶若虫量、虫龄指数、为害指数对应用效果进行评价。研究结果显示，在选择条件下，经高岭土涂布的枝条上成虫数量明显少于对照，高岭土涂布的枝条上冬型成虫数量在96 h时最低（0.5 头/枝），96 h时着卵量（1.83 头/枝）显著低于对照（30.83 头/枝）；高岭土涂布的枝叶上夏型成虫在72 h时最低（1.17 头/枝），96 h时着卵量（12.33 头/枝）显著低于对照（242.5 头/枝）；在非选择条件下，冬型和夏型成虫在高岭土涂布的枝条上着卵量（2.83和15.17 头/枝）分别显著低于对照（25.17和170.42 头/枝）；供试植株在接虫45 d后为害最严重，高岭土涂布的植株被害叶率（54.17%）、单叶若虫量（2.29 头/叶）、虫龄指数（3.79）、为害指数（0.41）分别显著低于为对照植株（98.61%、11.72 头/叶、4.13、0.95）。上述结果表明，高岭土涂布对中国梨喀木虱成虫的寄主选择具有驱避效果，对雌成虫的产卵具有抑制作用；高岭土涂布可限制中国梨喀木虱种群增长，降低危害水平。研究结果为中国梨喀木虱的综合治理提供了现实依据。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Cacopsylla chinensis is an important specialized pest on pear. In order to find the alternative measure against C. chinensis, the repellent effect and control potential of kaolin particle coating were investigated. Dormant branches and new branches were sprayed with 3.5% kaolin solution in mid.March and late April, and water as control. The distribution of adults under selection conditions was monitored 4 times every 24 h, and the number of eggs on each branch under the selective and the non selective conditions was recorded at the 96th h.The application effect was investigated in early May under semi natural conditions. And then the damaged leaf rate, the number of nymphs per leaf, the population age structure index, and the damage index were recorded every 10 days since the 15th day.The results showed that under the selective conditions, the number of adults on the branches coated with kaolin was significantly fewer than that of the control every times, the number of adults winte form was the lowest (0.5 adults/branch) on the branches coated at the 96th h, and the number of eggs（1.83 eggs/branch）was significantly lower than that of the control (30.83 eggs/branch), while the number of adults summer form was the lowest (1.17 adults/branch) on the branches coated with kaolin at the 72th h, and the number of eggs (12.33 eggs/branch) was significantly lower than that of the control (242.5 eggs/branch) at the 96th h. Under the non-selective conditions, the number of eggs of the adults winte form (2.83 eggs/branch) and adults summer form (15.17 eggs/branch) on the branches coated with kaolin was significantly lower than that of the control (25.17 and 170.42 eggs/branch), respectively. The damage of plants was the most serious at the 45th days after being infected. The damaged leaf rate (54.17%), the number of nymphs per leaf (2.29 nymphs/leaf), the population age structure index (3.79), and the damage index (0.41) on the plants which coated with kaolin were significantly lower than those of the control plants (98.61%, 11.72 nymphs/leaf, 4.13 and 0.95). Consequently, kaolin particle coating has repellent effects on C. chinensis, which not only affects the host selection of adults, but also reduces the number of female adults oviposition on the hosts. It may limit the population growth of C. chinensisand reduce the harm level. The results provid a scientific basis for the management of C. chinensis in the future. |
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