《环境昆虫学报》

蚂蚁是地球上最常见、数量最多的一类昆虫，是指示生物多样性和环境变化的重要物种。大多数蚂蚁由于其社会性而具有群体觅食的特点，然而不同蚂蚁种类由于食性的差异以及种间竞争等原因会产生觅食节律的分化。为研究相同生境中不同种类蚂蚁觅食规律的差异，本研究分别用20%蔗糖水和鸡肉火腿肠以诱饵法诱集湖边、树林、荔枝园3种生境中的蚂蚁，以此确定不同生境中的优势蚂蚁种类及其觅食行为随时间的动态变化。研究结果表明，虽然不同生境诱集到的蚂蚁种类数无显著差异，但诱集到的蚂蚁数量则差异显著。不同生境的优势种也不一样，湖边的最大优树林势种群为小大头蚁（44.21%）；树林的优势种群为白跗节狡臭蚁（67.36%）、小大头蚁、宽结大头蚁；荔枝园的最大优势种群为小大头蚁（63.46%）。结果发现，大多数情况下不同调查时间点上觅食工蚁数或同一时间点上不同蚂蚁的数量之间的差异并无统计学意义。研究结果将为不同生境蚂蚁群落多样性的研究提供理论基础。

英文摘要:

Ants are the most common and abundant insects on the earth. They are important species indicating biodiversity and environmental change. Most ants have the characteristics of group foraging because of their sociality.However, different species of ants have different foraging rhythms due to differences in feeding habits and interspecific competition. In order to study the differences of feeding patterns among different species of ants in the same habitat, 20% sucrose water and chicken ham sausage were used to lure ants from lakeside, forest and litchi orchard to determine the dynamic changes of dominant ant species and their foraging behavior over time in different habitats. The results showed that although there was no significant difference in the number of ants trapped in different habitats, there was significant difference in the number of ants trapped. The dominant species in different habitats were also different.The largest dominant species in the lakeside forests, forest and litchi orchard are Pheidole parva Mayr (44.21%), Technomyrmex aibipes (Smith) (67.36%) and Pheidole parva Mayr (63.46%) respectively. The results showed that in most cases, there was no significant difference in the number of foraging workers at different time points or in the number of different ants at the same time point. The results provide a theoretical basis for the study of ant community diversity in different habitats.

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