| 何岚，张永军，叶小芳，季荣,2020,意大利蝗越冬卵抗寒性初步研究[J].环境昆虫学报,(3):553-558 |
| 意大利蝗越冬卵抗寒性初步研究 |
| A preliminary stury on egg cold resistance of Calliptamus italicus |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 过冷却点 结冰点 抗寒性 越冬卵 意大利蝗 |
| 英文关键词:Supercooling point freezing point cold resistance overwinter eggs Calliptamus italicus |
| 基金项目:新疆维吾尔自治区自然科学基金（2016D01B046） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 过冷却能力是昆虫越冬的主要策略之一。本研究测定了新疆乌鲁木齐2015年9月至次年5月意大利蝗卵过冷却点及土壤温度等指标的变化。结果显示，9月至次年3月，80%以上的蝗卵过冷却点低于-24.0℃；4月和5月，蝗卵过冷却点显著上升至-22.7±0.7℃和-21.0±0.7℃，过冷却点在-23.9℃～-20.0℃的蝗卵比例分别达77.1%和52.1%。越冬过程中蝗卵含水量在土壤温度降至零下时短暂下降后迅速回升，并在越冬后的4月和5月剧烈上升。土壤温度（地下5 cm）较高且变化幅度不大，1月开始降至零下，2月达到最低。较高且稳定的土壤温度可能是意大利蝗卵维持较低过冷却点的原因，意大利蝗卵较强的抗寒能力是新疆草原蝗灾持续暴发的潜在原因。研究结果对开展新疆意大利蝗监测预警有很大意义。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Overcooling ability is one of the main strategies for insect overwintering. The changes of the egg supercooling point of Calliptamus italicus, soil temprature underground were measured from September to May of the following year. Results showed that from September to March of the following year, proportion of supercooling point that was below-24.0 ℃ was more than 80%. The supercooling point raised sharply from April and May, average value was-22.7℃±0.7℃ and-21.0℃±0.7℃, respectively, and the ratio of supercooling point between-23.9℃~-20.0℃ was 77.1% and 52.1%, respectively. The water content of eggs rose rapidly after a short drop when the soil temperature dropped to below zero during overwintering, and rose sharply after overwintering in April and May. Soil temperature (5 cm underground)did not change much, which was below 0℃ since January, and reached the lowest in February. High and stable soil temperature might be the reason why the eggs of C. italicus maintain a low supercooling point. The strong cold resistance ability of C. italicus is the potential reason for the continuous outbreak of grassland locust plague in Xinjiang. The results were of great significance for the monitoring and warning of C. italicus in Xinjiang. |
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