| 张鹏飞，袁善奎，张龙,2020,昆虫病原微生物及其在蝗灾治理中的应用[J].环境昆虫学报,(3):529-544 |
| 昆虫病原微生物及其在蝗灾治理中的应用 |
| Entomopathogenic microorganisms and their application in locust plague control |
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| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 昆虫病原微生物 蝗灾 治理 |
| 英文关键词:Entomopathogenic microorganisms locust plague control |
| 基金项目:948项目（2014-Z18） |
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| 摘要点击次数: 915 |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 本文重点介绍了蝗虫痘病毒、蝗虫微孢子虫、蝗噬虫霉、绿僵菌、白僵菌、米曲霉等的生物学特性、侵染机制、流行病学和应用潜力。蝗虫痘病毒和蝗噬虫霉分别由于生产成本过高和分生孢子在离体条件下存活时间过短而难以开发应用；蝗虫微孢子虫和绿僵菌已广泛应用到蝗灾治理中，有关绿僵菌致病机理的研究最深入全面；白僵菌也已成功应用到蝗灾治理中；介绍了一种新病原——米曲霉对飞蝗的毒力以及产孢量和耐热性等生物学特性。最后，提出蝗虫新病原微生物资源的开发、提高生产工艺水平、研发新的制剂和延长储存时间等是今后蝗虫微生物农药的发展方向。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper focuses on the biology, infection mechanisms, epizootics and potential application of locust pathogens, such as entomopoxviruses, Nosema locustae, Entomophaga grylli, Metarhizium spp, Beauveria spp. and Aspergillus spp. Entomopoxviruses and E. grylli are difficult to be develeped into biocontrol agent because of high production cost and short survival time of conidia in vitro, respectively; N. locustae and Metarhizium spp. have been successfully developed as microbial pesticides and widely used in locust plague control, and the pathogenic mechanism of Metarhizium spp. was studied systematically; Beauveria spp. have also been successfully developed as microbial pesticides and used in locust plague control. Following, Aspergillus oryzae was recently identified as a new pathogen of locust and have the potential to be develeped into biocontrol agent due to their high virulence, sporulation quantity and heat resistance etc. Finally, it is respected that exploration of new resources of pathogen and formulation, development of high efficient mass production technology, prolonging product shelf life for promotion microbial control of locust plague in future. |
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