《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
陆星星，闫鹏飞，昝庆安，邓裕亮，陈霞，张宏瑞*	( 1. 玉溪农业职业技术学院，云南玉溪6531062 2. 云南农业大学植物保护学院，昆明650201 3. 西双版纳出入境检验检疫局，云南景洪653106 4. 西双版纳职业技术学院，云南景洪666100 )

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中文摘要:

为明确温度和寄主对扶桑绵粉蚧Phenacoccus solenopsis 生长发育的影响，本文在室内研究了不同温度和不同寄主上该虫的发育历期、发育起点温度、有效积温、成虫性比和存活率，结果表明: 18℃ － 30℃范围内，随着温度升高，扶桑绵粉蚧发育历期逐渐缩短，34℃与30℃下无明显差异。该虫不同虫期发育起点温度均较高，其中2 龄雄若虫和雌若虫最高，分别为19. 11℃、16. 14℃，蛹最低，为12. 22℃。有效积温蛹最大，为87. 40 日·度，1 龄若虫次之( 77. 12 日·度) ，2 龄雄若虫最小( 26. 32 日·度) 。18℃ － 30℃ 时各虫期死亡率随着温度升高而降低， 34℃时又有升高。取食4 种寄主时扶桑绵粉蚧发育历期有所变化，1 龄若虫番茄上显著长于马铃薯; 2 龄雌雄若虫番茄上显著长于扶桑和马铃薯; 3 龄雌若虫以烟草和番茄上较长，扶桑和马铃薯上较短; 雄蛹、雄成虫历期均无差异; 烟草上雌成虫存活时间最长; 雌虫整个虫期存活时间最长，为53. 77 d，番茄次之( 48. 65 d) ，扶桑、马铃薯较短，分别为43. 39 d、39. 79 d。雄虫整个虫期存活时间烟草明显长于扶桑。不同寄主上扶桑绵粉蚧雌雄虫比率差异较大，以马铃薯上雄虫率最高( 37. 78%) ，其次为扶桑( 26. 67%) ，烟草上最低( 8. 01%) 。

英文摘要:

In order to definite the effect of temperature and host plants on the development of Phenacoccus solenopsis，experiment was carried out indoors to study the development durations，developmental threshold，rate of male and survival of P. solenopsis under different temperature and host plant. The results showed that，ranged from 18℃ to 30℃，development durations of Solenopsis mealybug decreased with increased temperature，and there has no significant difference between 30℃ and 34℃ . Solenopsis mealybug have relatively high development lower threshold temperature. The 2nd instar female and male were 16.14℃ and 19.11℃ respectively，and pupa stage was lowest 12.22℃. Degree-days was highest 87.40 in pupa stage，37.88 in female 2nd instar larva and 26. 32 in male 2nd instar larva. From 18℃ to 30℃，the mortality reduced with temperature increased，while subsequently increased when temperature higher than 30℃ . Developmental durations of Solenopsis mealybug have significant difference when feeding on different host plants. The 1st larva stage，feeding on tomato has significant longer developmental duration than feeding on potato. The 2nd instar and 3rd instar larva had the longest developmental duration feeding on tomato，which have significant difference with feeding on potato and Chinese hibiscus. The developmental durations of 3rd female instar feeding on tobacco and tomato was longer than that feeding on potato and Chinese hibiscus.The longevity of male pupa and adult showed no significant difference by feeding on four different host plants. Female adult has the longest life span feeding on tobacco，the total duration was 53.77 d，secondly total duration feeding on tomato was 48.65 d，then feeding on Chinese hibiscus and potato were 43.39 d and 39.79 d respectively. Total duration of male feeding on tobacco has significant longer than that feeding on Chinese hibiscus. There showed significant difference of male rate feeding on different host plants，the highest rate of male feeding on potato emerged was 37.78%，26.67% and 8.01%，feeding on potato and tobacco respectively.

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