《环境昆虫学报》

作者	单位
王晶玲, 张淑莲*,陈志杰,廉振民,张锋,李英梅	（1. 陕西师范大学生命科学学院,西安 710119；2. 陕西省动物研究所,西安 710032）

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中文摘要:

为了明确在田间烟粉虱Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius)对不同寄主植物选择性和适应性，本实验在室内用Y型嗅觉仪测定了烟粉虱对13种寄主植物的选择性，随后对田间随机排列种植的这13种寄主植物依照测试结果由强到弱依次拔除（拔除次序为茄子、番茄、黄瓜、辣椒、棉花、茼麻、西葫芦、油菜、花菜、小青菜、莲花白、胡萝卜和苦瓜），每次拔除间隔时间为5 d，结果显示：田间第一次调查的结果与室内选择性测试结果一致；随着最适宜寄主的拔除，烟粉虱成虫数量在与其引诱力相近的一种或几种寄主上的略有增加，而其它植物上却没有大的变化，这表明随着最适宜寄主的拔除，烟粉虱成虫会重新分布，但趋向分布于引诱力相对较强的寄主植物；随着寄主植物的拔除，烟粉虱卵、若虫和蛹在引诱力较强的植株上均有所增加；但西葫芦拔除之后其余植株上烟粉虱卵、若虫和蛹的数量没有明显变化；小青菜拔除后，其余植株上烟粉虱卵、若虫和蛹的数量又有所增加。这表明随着最佳寄主的拔除，烟粉虱会趋向选择于引诱力相对较强的寄主植物产卵，当烟粉虱从嗜好性强的植物转移到嗜好性弱的植物时，产卵适应会滞后于取食适应。但整个实验过程中苦瓜上的烟粉虱上成虫、卵、若虫和蛹的数量均变化不大，苦瓜上的成虫应属偶然分布其上，烟粉虱成虫并不取食苦瓜，苦瓜对烟粉虱有趋避作用。本实验模拟田间种植模式，因此实验结果对田间种植具有指导意义。

英文摘要:

In order to figure out selectivity and adaptability ofBemisia tabaci to different host plants,we determine selectivity of B.tabaci to thirteen host plants by Y-olfactometer in the laboratory. Then we removed these plants planted randomly according to attractive effects of plants to B.tabaci Eggplant was the most attractive and removed firstly Bitter gourd was the least attractive and removed lastly. So we removed the plants in the following sequence: eggplant, tomato, cucumber, pepper, cotton, abutilon, pumpkin, rapeseed, cauliflower, greengrocery, cabbage, carrot and bitter gourd The plants were removed every 5 days. The resluts showed that the selectivity result of the first in field was consistent with that in laboratory. After we removed the best host plant, in the plants remained in the field,the density ofB.tabaci on those host plants which have similar attractive effects with the best host plant just removed increased silightly. But density of B.tabaci on the rest of hosted plants nearly unchanged. This result showed that B.tabaci can redistribute due to after the removal of the best host plants,and B.tabaci tended to transfer to the host plants with stronger attraction After the best host plants were removed, the density of egg, larva and pupa on some host planta which have relatively strong attraction was decreased. However, when pumpkin was removed, the density of egg, larva and pupa on the remained host plants didn't change The density of egg, larva and pupa on the remained host plants increased after greengrocery was removed from the group of host plants.It indicated that B.tabaci tends to oviposit on the host plants with the strongest attraction in the plants remained in the field. During the process of the field trial, the amount of adult, egg, larva and pupa on the bitter gourd changed little. Consequently, the distribution of adult on bitter ground was occasional because B.tabaci does not feed on bitter gourd. The expriments were conducted under simulated field conditon Therefore the result can be a very important reference to conduct field trial in the future.

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